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G to zinev. Tsinev Georgy Karpovich: biography and family. "We need to help Yuri"

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Georgy Karpovich Tsinev(May 5 (according to the old style on April 22), Yekaterinoslav - May 31) - figure in the state security organs of the USSR, Hero of Socialist Labor (05/04/1977), army general (12/13/1978). First Deputy Chairman of the KGB of the USSR (January 1982 - November 1985). Member of the Central Committee of the CPSU (1981 - 1986). Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR

Biography

After the Victory, he remained in the army. From June 1946 he served as assistant to the High Commissioner in the executive committee of the Soviet part of the Allied Commission for Austria. In May 1948 he was sent to study, in 1950 he graduated from the Higher Military Academy named after K. E. Voroshilov. In -1951 - Deputy High Commissioner in Austria from the USSR.

In fact, he had the status of Brezhnev's trusted person in the KGB, personally and unofficially reported to him about everything that was happening in the KGB, primarily about the actions of its Chairman Yu. V. Andropov. He had a reputation for intrigue and tyranny. “Tsinev had independent direct access to the General Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU L. I. Brezhnev, which significantly complicated the work of the KGB, especially in terms of personnel,” General I. L. Ustinov noted. In January - November 1985 - First Deputy Chairman of the KGB of the USSR. Since November 1985 - in the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since 1992 - retired.

Ranks

Awards

State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev brothers (1983) - for participation in the creation (as the main consultant) of the film "Syndicate-2"

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Literature

/ ed. M. M. Kozlova. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1985. - 832 p. - 500,000 copies.
Degtyarev K. SMERSH. - M .: Yauza Eksmo, 2009. - S. 640-641. - 736 p. - (Encyclopedia of special services). - 4000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-699-36775-7.

Notes

Links

Site "Heroes of the Country".

An excerpt characterizing Tsinev, Georgy Karpovich

To each of Napoleon's phrases, Balashev wanted and had something to object to; he incessantly made the gesture of a man who wanted to say something, but Napoleon interrupted him. For example, about the madness of the Swedes, Balashev wanted to say that Sweden is an island when Russia is for it; but Napoleon cried out angrily to drown out his voice. Napoleon was in that state of irritation in which one must speak, speak, and speak, only in order to prove his justice to himself. It became hard for Balashev: he, as an ambassador, was afraid to drop his dignity and felt the need to object; but, like a man, he shrunk morally before forgetting the unreasonable anger in which, obviously, Napoleon was. He knew that all the words now spoken by Napoleon were of no importance, that he himself, when he came to his senses, would be ashamed of them. Balashev stood with lowered eyes, looking at Napoleon's moving thick legs, and tried to avoid his gaze.
“What are these allies of yours to me?” Napoleon said. - My allies are the Poles: there are eighty thousand of them, they fight like lions. And there will be two hundred thousand.
And, probably even more indignant that, having said this, he had told an obvious lie and that Balashev, in the same pose of submission to his fate, silently stood in front of him, he abruptly turned back, went up to Balashev’s very face and, making energetic and quick gestures with his white hands, almost shouted:
“Know that if you shake Prussia against me, know that I will erase her from the map of Europe,” he said with a pale face distorted by anger, striking with an energetic gesture of one small hand on the other. - Yes, I will throw you beyond the Dvina, beyond the Dnieper and restore against you that barrier that Europe was criminal and blind, which allowed it to be destroyed. Yes, that’s what will happen to you, that’s what you won by moving away from me, ”he said and silently walked several times around the room, shaking his thick shoulders. He put a snuff-box in his waistcoat pocket, took it out again, put it to his nose several times, and stopped in front of Balashev. He paused, looked mockingly straight into Balashev's eyes, and said in a low voice: "Et cependant quel beau regne aurait pu avoir votre maitre!"
Balashev, feeling the need to object, said that things were not presented in such a gloomy way from the Russian side. Napoleon was silent, continuing to look at him mockingly and, obviously, not listening to him. Balashev said that in Russia they expect all the best from the war. Napoleon condescendingly nodded his head, as if to say: "I know it is your duty to say so, but you yourself do not believe in it, you are convinced by me."
At the end of Balashev's speech, Napoleon again took out his snuffbox, sniffed from it and, as a signal, thumped the floor twice with his foot. The door opened; a respectfully arching chamberlain handed the emperor a hat and gloves, another handed a handkerchief. Napoleon, not looking at them, turned to Balashev.
- Assure Emperor Alexander on my behalf, - said the ots, taking his hat, - that I am devoted to him as before: I know him completely and highly appreciate his high qualities. Je ne vous retiens plus, general, vous recevrez ma lettre a l "Empereur. [I don't hold you back, general, you will receive my letter to the sovereign.] - And Napoleon went quickly to the door. From the reception room everything rushed forward and down the stairs.

After all that Napoleon had said to him, after these outbursts of anger, and after the last dry words:
“Je ne vous retiens plus, general, vous recevrez ma lettre”, Balashev was sure that Napoleon would not only not want to see him, but would try not to see him - the insulted ambassador and, most importantly, a witness to his obscene ardor. But, to his surprise, Balashev, through Duroc, received that day an invitation to the emperor's table.
At dinner were Bessières, Caulaincourt and Berthier. Napoleon met Balashev with a cheerful and affectionate look. Not only was there no expression of shyness in him or reproach to himself for his morning outburst, but, on the contrary, he tried to encourage Balashev. It was evident that for a long time already for Napoleon there was no possibility of error in his conviction, and that in his concept everything that he did was good, not because it converged with the idea of \u200b\u200bwhat is good and bad, but because he did This.
The emperor was very cheerful after his horseback ride through Vilna, in which crowds of people enthusiastically met and saw him off. In all the windows of the streets along which he passed, carpets, banners, his monograms were displayed, and Polish ladies, greeting him, waved their handkerchiefs at him.
At dinner, having seated Balashev next to him, he treated him not only affectionately, but treated him as if he considered Balashev among his courtiers, among those people who sympathized with his plans and should have rejoiced at his successes. Among other things, he spoke about Moscow and began to ask Balashev about the Russian capital, not only as an inquisitive traveler asks about a new place he intends to visit, but as if with the conviction that Balashev, as a Russian, should be flattered by this curiosity.
– How many people are there in Moscow, how many houses? Is it true that Moscou is called Moscou la sainte? [saint?] How many churches are there in Moscou? he asked.
And in response that there were more than two hundred churches, he said:
Why such an abyss of churches?
“The Russians are very pious,” Balashev answered.
“However, a large number of monasteries and churches is always a sign of the backwardness of a people,” said Napoleon, looking back at Caulaincourt to evaluate this judgment.
Balashev respectfully allowed himself to disagree with the opinion of the French emperor.
“Every country has its own customs,” he said.
“But nowhere else in Europe is there anything like it,” said Napoleon.
“I apologize to Your Majesty,” said Balashev, “besides Russia, there is also Spain, where there are also many churches and monasteries.
This answer by Balashev, hinting at the recent defeat of the French in Spain, was later highly appreciated, according to Balashev's stories, at the court of Emperor Alexander and very little appreciated now, at Napoleon's dinner, and passed unnoticed.
From the indifferent and perplexed faces of the gentlemen of the marshals, it was clear that they were perplexed, what was the witticism, which was hinted at by Balashev's intonation. “If she was, then we did not understand her or she is not witty at all,” said the facial expressions of the marshals. This answer was so little appreciated that Napoleon did not even notice it resolutely and naively asked Balashev about which cities there was a direct road to Moscow from here. Balashev, who was on his guard all the time of dinner, answered that comme tout chemin mene a Rome, tout chemin mene a Moscou, [as every road, according to the proverb, leads to Rome, so all roads lead to Moscow,] that there are many roads, and that among these different paths is the road to Poltava, which was chosen by Charles XII, said Balashev, involuntarily flushing with pleasure at the success of this answer. Before Balashev had time to say the last words: "Poltawa", Caulaincourt was already talking about the inconvenience of the road from Petersburg to Moscow and about his Petersburg memories.
After dinner we went to drink coffee in Napoleon's study, which four days earlier had been the study of Emperor Alexander. Napoleon sat down, touching the coffee in a Sevres cup, and pointed to a chair meanly to Balashev.
There is a well-known post-dinner mood in a person, which, stronger than any reasonable reasons, makes a person be pleased with himself and consider everyone his friends. Napoleon was in this location. It seemed to him that he was surrounded by people who adored him. He was convinced that Balashev, after his dinner, was his friend and admirer. Napoleon turned to him with a pleasant and slightly mocking smile.
- This is the same room, as I was told, in which Emperor Alexander lived. Strange, isn't it, General? - he said, obviously not doubting that this appeal could not but be pleasant to his interlocutor, since it proved the superiority of him, Napoleon, over Alexander.
Balashev could not answer this and silently bowed his head.
“Yes, in this room, four days ago, Winzingerode and Stein conferred,” Napoleon continued with the same mocking, confident smile. “What I cannot understand,” he said, “is that Emperor Alexander brought all my personal enemies closer to him. I do not understand this. Did he think that I could do the same? - he asked Balashev with a question, and, obviously, this memory pushed him back into that trail of morning anger, which was still fresh in him.
“And let him know that I will do it,” said Napoleon, standing up and pushing his cup away with his hand. - I will drive out of Germany all his relatives, Wirtemberg, Baden, Weimar ... yes, I will drive them out. Let him prepare a refuge for them in Russia!
Balashev bowed his head, showing with his appearance that he would like to take his leave and is listening only because he cannot but listen to what he is told. Napoleon did not notice this expression; he addressed Balashev not as an ambassador of his enemy, but as a man who was now completely devoted to him and should rejoice at the humiliation of his former master.
- And why did Emperor Alexander take command of the troops? What is it for? War is my trade, and his business is to reign, not to command troops. Why did he take on such responsibility?
Napoleon again took the snuffbox, silently walked several times around the room and suddenly unexpectedly approached Balashev and with a slight smile so confidently, quickly, simply, as if he was doing some not only important, but also pleasant for Balashev, he raised his hand to the face of the forty-year-old Russian general and, taking him by the ear, tugged slightly, smiling only with his lips.

Rank Part commanded

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Job title

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Battles/wars Awards and prizes

The order of Lenin	The order of Lenin	The order of Lenin	Order of the October Revolution
Order of the Red Banner	Order of the Red Banner	Order of the Red Banner	Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky II degree
	Order of the Patriotic War, 1st class	Order of the Patriotic War II degree	Order of the Red Banner of Labor
Medal "For Military Merit"	Jubilee medal "For Valiant Labor (For Military Valor). In commemoration of the 100th anniversary of the birth of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin"	40px	Medal "For the Victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945"
40px	40px	40px	40px
40px	40px	40px	40px
40px	40px	40px	40px
40px	40px	40px	Medal "For Impeccable Service" 1st Class
Medal "For Impeccable Service" II degree

other states:

Connections

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Retired Autograph

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Biography

Ranks

Awards

State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev brothers (1983) - for participation in the creation (as the main consultant) of the film "Syndicate-2"

Write a review on the article "Tsinev, Georgy Karpovich"

Literature

/ ed. M. M. Kozlova. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1985. - 832 p. - 500,000 copies.
Degtyarev K. SMERSH. - M .: Yauza Eksmo, 2009. - S. 640-641. - 736 p. - (Encyclopedia of special services). - 4000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-699-36775-7.

Notes

An excerpt characterizing Tsinev, Georgy Karpovich

Caraffa began to play openly. And I had no choice but to meet the danger face to face ...
“What do you want from me, Your Eminence?” Wouldn't it be easier to say it directly, saving us both from this unnecessary, cheap game? We are smart enough people that, even with a difference in views, we can respect each other.
My legs were trembling with horror, but for some reason Caraffa did not notice this. He glared at my face with a burning gaze, not answering and not noticing anything around. I could not understand what was happening, and all this dangerous comedy frightened me more and more ... But then something completely unforeseen happened, something completely beyond the usual framework ... Caraffa came very close to me, everything in the same way, without taking his burning eyes off, and almost without breathing, he whispered:
– You cannot be from God... You are too beautiful! You are a witch!!! A woman has no right to be so beautiful! You are from the Devil!
And turning around, he rushed out of the house without looking back, as if Satan himself was chasing him ... I stood in complete shock, still expecting to hear his steps, but nothing happened. Gradually coming to my senses, and finally managing to relax my stiff body, I took a deep breath and... lost consciousness. I woke up in bed, drinking hot wine from the hands of my sweet maid Kei. But then, remembering what had happened, she jumped to her feet and began to rush around the room, not really understanding what to do ... Time passed, and I had to do something, think of something in order to somehow protect myself and his family from this bipedal monster. I knew for sure that now every game was over, that the war had begun. But our forces, to my great regret, were very, very unequal... Naturally, I could defeat him in my own way... I could even just stop his bloodthirsty heart. And all these horrors would immediately end. But the fact is that, even at thirty-six, I was still too pure and kind to kill ... I never took life, on the contrary - very often gave it back. And even such a terrible person as Karaffa was, she could not yet execute ...
The next morning there was a loud knock on the door. My heart has stopped. I knew it was the Inquisition... They took me away, accusing me of "verbiage and witchcraft, intoxicating honest citizens with false predictions and heresy"... That was the end.
The room in which I was settled was very damp and dark, but for some reason it seemed to me that I would not stay in it for a long time. Caraffa came at noon...
- Oh, I beg your pardon, Madonna Isidora, you have been given someone else's room. It's not for you, of course.
"What's the point of all this play, monsignor?" - proudly (as it seemed to me) throwing up my head, I asked. “I would rather just tell the truth, and I would like to know what they are really accusing me of. My family, as you know, is very respected and loved in Venice, and it would be better for you if the accusations were true.
Caraffa never found out how much effort it took me to look proud then! .. I knew perfectly well that hardly anyone or anything could help me. But I couldn't let him see my fear. And so she continued, trying to get him out of that calmly ironic state, which apparently was his kind of protection. And which I couldn't stand at all.
“Will you deign to tell me what my fault is, or will you leave this pleasure to your faithful “vassals” ?!.
“I do not advise you to boil, Madonna Isidora,” Caraffa said calmly. - As far as I know, all your beloved Venice knows that you are a Witch. And besides, the strongest that ever lived. You didn't hide it, did you?
Suddenly, I was completely calm. Yes, it was true - I never hid my abilities ... I was proud of them, like my mother. So now, in front of this crazy fanatic, I will betray my soul and renounce who I am ?!.
“You are right, Your Eminence, I am a Witch. But I'm not from the Devil, nor from God. I am free in my soul, I KNOW... And you will never be able to take that away from me. You can only kill me. But even then I will remain who I am ... Only, in that case, you will never see me again ...
I blindly delivered a weak blow ... There was no certainty that it would work. But Caraffa suddenly turned pale, and I realized that I was right. No matter how much this unpredictable man hated the female half, he had a strange and dangerous feeling for me, which I still could not pinpoint. But the main thing - it was! And that was the only thing that mattered so far. And it was possible to figure it out later if Karaff could now “catch” this simple female bait ... But I didn’t know then how strong the will of this unusual person was ... The confusion disappeared as quickly as it came. Before me again stood the cold and calm cardinal.
“It would be a huge loss for anyone who appreciates beauty, Madonna. But too much beauty can be dangerous, as it destroys pure souls. And yours will definitely not leave anyone indifferent, so it would be better if it simply ceases to exist ...
Caraffa left. And my hair stood on end - so strong he instilled horror in my tired lonely soul ... I was alone. All my loved ones and relatives were somewhere on the other side of these stone walls, and I was by no means sure that I would ever see them again ... My dearly beloved little Anna huddled in Florence near the Medici, and I really hoped that Caraffa did not know where and with whom she was. My husband, who adored me, was with her at my request and did not know that I was captured. I didn't have any hope. I was truly all alone.
Since that ill-fated day, endless trials began against the famous “Venetian Witch”, that is, over me ... But Venice was a truly free city and did not allow her children to be destroyed so easily. The Inquisition was hated by everyone, and Caraffe had to reckon with this. Therefore, I was judged by the “supreme tribunal of the Inquisition”, which accused me of all possible vices, most of which I had never even heard of. The only light that happened during all this nightmarish time was the unexpected and very strong support of friends, which forced Caraffa to be much more careful in his accusations, but this did not help me escape from his dangerous clutches.
Time passed, and I knew that a dangerous moment was coming when Caraffa would launch an attack. So far, it has been just a "not very beautiful performance" that has been going on for more than a year, almost every day. And this, according to their concepts, apparently should have somehow calmed me down or even given some false tiny hope that all this will someday end, and that I might even “happily go home” ... Me for some reason "put to sleep", wanting, apparently, to hit even harder. But Caraffa was wrong. I knew he was just waiting. Just didn't know what yet.
And such a day has finally come ... In the morning I was told that "since my" case "" is of particular importance, and the local Inquisition is not able to solve it, I am sent to Rome, to the bright will of the Pope, so that he Finally, he gave me his “fair verdict”.
It was the end... No one in the world could help me if I fell into the hands of the Roman Inquisition. Caraffa rejoiced! He celebrated the victory. I was almost dead.

So, a week later, in all its dark “greatness”, the “holy” city of Rome appeared before me ... Apart from the beauty of palaces, cathedrals and churches, the city was very gloomy and surprisingly dirty. And for me, it was also the city of my death, since I knew that there was no getting away from Caraffa here.
They settled me in some very large palace, without explaining anything, without saying a word. I was served by a mute maid, which, again, did not bode well. But one circumstance still inspired a “ghostly” hope - I was settled in a castle, and not directly in a cell for the accused, which could mean that they would leave me the opportunity to defend myself.
I was wrong...
The next morning, Caraffa appeared. He was fresh and very happy, which, unfortunately, did not bode well for me.
Sitting in a chair right in front of me, but without asking for permission, Caraffa made it clear by this that he was the master here, and I was just a defendant in a beautiful cage ...
- I hope you easily endured the journey, Madonna Isidora? he said in a deliberately polite tone. - How are your quarters? Do you need anything?
- Oh yeah! I would like to return home! – playing along with his tone, I jokingly answered.
I knew that I had practically nothing to lose, since I had already almost lost my life. Therefore, deciding not to give Karaffa the pleasure of breaking me, I tried my best not to show him how scared I was ...
It's not death, which is what I feared the most. I was even afraid of the thought that I would never see those whom I loved so much and selflessly - my family. That, most likely, I will never hug my little Anna again ... I will not teach her what my mother taught me, and what I myself knew how ... That I leave her completely defenseless against evil and pain ... And that already I won't tell her anything I wanted to say or had to say.
I felt sorry for my wonderful husband, who, I knew, would be very hard to bear the loss of me. How cold and empty it will be in his soul! .. And I will never even be able to say the last goodbye to him ...
And most of all, I felt sorry for my father, for whom I was the meaning of his life, his guiding "star", illuminating his difficult thorny path ... After my mother's "departure", I became for him all that was left to teach and hope that one day I will become what he tried so hard to “blind” me out of ...

(bottom row, center)
Tsinev Georgy Karpovich
05.05.1907 - 31.05.1996

Tsinev Georgy Karpovich -Deputy Chairman of the State Security Committee (KGB) under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Colonel General.

Born on April 22 (May 5), 1907 in the city of Yekaterinoslav, now Dnepropetrovsk (Ukraine). Ukrainian. In 1925-1929 he worked as a worker, assistant marker, foreman at the Dnepropetrovsk plant named after Petrovsky. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1932.

In 1934 he graduated from the Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Institute. In 1934-1939 he was a foreman, engineer, acting shop manager at the Karl Liebknecht plant in Nizhnedneprovsk. In 1939-1940 - head of the metallurgical department of the Dnepropetrovsk regional committee of the CP (b) of Ukraine, then secretary of the Leninsky district committee, in 1940-1941 second secretary of the city committee of the CP (b) of Ukraine in Dnepropetrovsk. Then he became closely acquainted with the first secretary of the Dnepropetrovsk regional party committee, L.I. Brezhnev.

Since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War since July 1941 in the Red Army in political work: commissar of an artillery regiment, from November 1941 - commissar of the headquarters of the operational group of the 21st Army of the Southwestern Front, from February 1942 - deputy head of the political department of the Kalinin Front, from July 1942 - Head of the Political Department of the 4th Shock Army of the Kalinin Front, from May 1943 - Head of the Political Department of the 57th Army on the 2nd Ukrainian and 3rd Ukrainian Fronts, and from June 1945 - in the Southern Group of Forces. Participated in defensive battles in Ukraine in 1941, in the battle of Moscow, in the battles for Kharkov, in the battle for the Dnieper, in the liberation of the Right-Bank Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Austria.

After the war, he remained in military service. From October 1945 - head of the economic department, from April 1946 to August 1950 - assistant to the High Commissioner of the Soviet part of the Allied Commission in Austria. From August 28, 1950 to July 28, 1951 - Deputy High Commissioner in Austria from the USSR.

In 1953 he graduated from the Higher Military Academy named after K.E. Voroshilov (Military Academy of the General Staff). From September 21, 1953 to June 24, 1958 - Head of the Department of Special Departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs - KGB of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSVG); from June 24, 1958 to October 24, 1960 - head of the Military Institute of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky. From October 24, 1960 to March 1961 - Head of the Special Directorate (special departments of strategic missile forces) in the 3rd Directorate (military counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR; from March 1961 to June 1964 - Head of the Special Directorate - Deputy Head of the 3rd Directorate (military counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR; from June 1964 to February 1966 - Deputy Head of the 3rd Directorate of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

From February 23, 1966 to July 24, 1967 - head of the 3rd department (military counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. On May 24, 1967, he was a member of the KGB Collegium under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

From July 24, 1967 to July 28, 1970 - Head of the 2nd Main Directorate (counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In 1968, he was part of the KGB task force in Czechoslovakia, took part in the preparation of the issue of bringing troops of the Warsaw Pact countries into this country.

From July 28, 1970 to January 25, 1982 - Deputy Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR - the KGB of the USSR. In accordance with the distribution of duties, he oversaw military counterintelligence (3rd Directorate) and the Investigation Department. In 1970-1974, he also oversaw the 15th Directorate (maintenance of nuclear shelters for senior management), which later became the Main Directorate. Being a confidant of L.I. Brezhnev, he informed him about the situation with the KGB and the actions of its Chairman Yu.V. Andropov, and did not hide it at all.

For outstanding services in ensuring the security of the Motherland and in connection with his seventieth birthday, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 4, 1977, Colonel-General Tsinev Georgy Karpovich was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 13, 1978, Colonel General Tsinev Georgy Karpovich was awarded the military rank of "General of the Army" with the appropriate Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the insignia "Marshal's Star". He became the oldest general of the army in the history of the USSR at the time of awarding such a rank (71 years old).

It is known that since Tsinev in 1960-1964 was the first head of the Directorate of Special Departments of the Strategic Missile Forces, he managed in the 70s to ensure that the ranks of heads of special departments in the Strategic Missile Forces became a step higher than in special departments of other types Armed Forces and military branches. So, the head of the special department of the missile division in the state began to have the rank of colonel, and the head of the special department of the missile army - major general. On May 25, 1982, the status of the entire military counterintelligence was also raised - the 3rd Directorate of the KGB was again transformed into the 3rd Main Directorate, as it was before 1960.

After the death of Army General S.K. Tsvigun, from January 25, 1982 to December 1, 1985 - First Deputy Chairman of the KGB of the USSR. Since January 1986 - military inspector-advisor of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since January 1992 - retired.

The opinions of former associates about Tsinev in dozens of memoirs and articles are almost unanimously sharply negative. Completely devoted personally to L.I. Brezhnev and a person close to him, shamelessly using this proximity. He was distinguished by a penchant for intrigue, rudeness towards subordinates, and vindictiveness.

Military ranks: regimental commissar (1941); colonel (December 1942); major general (04/19/1945); lieutenant general (01/09/1957); colonel general (10/27/1967); army general (12/13/1978).

In 1971-1976 he was a member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU. Since 1976 - a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, in 1981-1986 - a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the 8th-11th convocations (1970-1989).

Lived in the hero city of Moscow. Died May 31, 1996. He was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

He was awarded three Orders of Lenin (12/29/1973, 05/04/1977, 05/04/1982), the Order of the October Revolution (06/04/1971), three Orders of the Red Banner (03/19/1944, 04/28/1945, 04/28/1980), the Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 2- 1st degree (11/03/1944), two Orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree (09/13/1944, 03/11/1985), orders of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree (09/27/1943), the Red Banner of Labor (05/05/1967), medals, foreign orders and medals, including the Order of St. Alexander 4th degree with swords (Bulgaria, 05/21/1945).

http://www.warheroes.ru/hero/hero.asp?Hero_id=9935

The mysterious Andropov. Lubyanka and its personnel, which decided everything

Hardware intrigues

A few days after his appointment as chairman of the KGB, on May 23, 1967, Andropov made Semyon Tsvigun his deputy, and the next day, on May 24, the head of military counterintelligence Georgy Tsinev was approved as a member of the KGB board.

Brezhnev's son-in-law, Yuri Mikhailovich Churbanov, recalls that Tsvigun and Tsinev often visited Brezhnev's dacha: "They enjoyed the special disposition of Leonid Ilyich."

“Tsvigun is tall, somewhat plump, with pleasant features,- writes General Boris Geraskin. - In actions, he was slow, restrained, spoke with a noticeable Ukrainian accent... In relations with his subordinates, he was often cunning: he said one thing to his face, but did another. Tsinev, in contrast to Tsvigun, is not tall, of ordinary appearance, always with a shaved head. A man of lively mind, not devoid of insight, very energetic and agile. Simplicity, accessibility and deceptive openness coexisted in him with capriciousness, unpredictability, susceptibility to gossip, lust for power and a painful desire to constantly be in sight ... Tsinev never forgot anything, deeply harbored ill will and always found an opportunity to settle personal scores.

Nikolai Romanovich Mironov, who until his death in a plane crash in October 1964, headed the department of administrative bodies of the Central Committee, knew Tsinev from Dnepropetrovsk. He said: - Where Tsinev appears, a swarm of sycophants necessarily appears ...

Tsinev controlled the ninth directorate of the KGB (politburo security) and is said to have been in charge of wiretapping top government officials. When in 1982, after Suslov's death, Andropov moved to the Central Committee, he would be sure that he, too, was being eavesdropped on.

Tsinev promoted people from military counterintelligence everywhere. After Lieutenant Ilyin tried to shoot Brezhnev in 1969, the head of the Leningrad department of the KGB (Ilyin was from Leningrad) Vasily Shumilov was removed from his post.

Tsvigun and Tsinev accompanied Andropov everywhere. Of course, these people did not just spin around Andropov, they were Brezhnev's spies. Leonid Ilyich knew his every step and sigh...

If I were Andropov, I would put the question on principle: either remove these people, or I'll leave, - Semichastny told me.

Andropov did not put such a question before Brezhnev, was silent, put up with the fact that his two deputies retell Brezhnev everything that happens in the committee.

Tsvigun and Tsvigun watched who Andropov received, and without invitation came to his office on the third floor with a high ceiling and a bust of Dzerzhinsky, when Defense Minister Dmitry Ustinov or the head of the 4th Main Directorate under the Ministry of Health, Academician Yevgeny Chazov, came to the chairman .

Andropov understood that his every step was being watched. He seemed to have a good attitude towards his former subordinate in the department of the Central Committee, Alexander Evgenievich Bovin. But when the KGB intercepted a letter from Bovin, who complained that he was forced to spend his talent in the service of nonentities (that is, first of all, the General Secretary), Yuri Vladimirovich hastened to report the letter to Brezhnev.

Moreover, another former subordinate of Andropov, Georgy Arkadyevich Arbatov, tried to dissuade the chairman of the KGB - why carry a letter to the general? Yuri Vladimirovich noted:

And I'm not sure that a copy of this letter has not been handed over to Brezhnev. After all, the KGB is a complex institution, and the chairman is also looked after.

There will be people who will report to Leonid Ilyich that the chairman of the KGB has concealed something concerning the general secretary personally. Bovin was removed from the apparatus of the Central Committee.

“Andropov could win over his interlocutor,- recalled Georgy Arbatov. - I do not know of cases when he would have deliberately done meanness. But to leave in trouble, not to stand up for a person, even to whom he treated well, Andropov could. One of his negative features is indecision, even fear, which often manifested itself not only in political affairs, but also when it was necessary to defend people, especially ideas ... It seems to me that Yuri Vladimirovich himself was aware of this in the depths of his soul. And I tried to find some excuse for myself. He justified such compromises, concessions, withdrawal from the struggle primarily by considerations of "tactical necessity"...

General Vadim Kirpichenko writes that the presence of Tsvigunai Tsinev put Andropov in a difficult position. He had to look back at them, look for special approaches to them, engage in diplomacy, instead of demanding results in work. Both of them constantly reported something personally to Brezhnev.

This put Andropov in an uncomfortable and delicate position. Sometimes Andropov complained about the conditions in which he had to work ... But he did not allow himself to quarrel with his dangerous deputies.

"Andropov,- says Chazov, - chose the surest path - he made both Tsvigun and Tsinev his closest assistants, constantly emphasizing his respect for them and friendly disposition. I am sure that Brezhnev highly appreciated and loved Andropov in his own way, and the opinion of two of his trusted people also had a certain value.

General's love of literature

In other units of the KGB, Tsinev was feared and disliked. The then deputy chief of intelligence, lieutenant general Vitaly Pavlov, recalled how in the seventies an employee of foreign counterintelligence was sent to Montreal to the world exhibition to look after the Soviet employees of the exhibition. There, in Montreal, Tsinev's daughter turned out to be a tourist. They began an affair, which ended with the fact that the counterintelligence officer divorced and married the daughter of the deputy chairman of the KGB.

For other KGB officers, a divorce would have cost at least a party penalty. And promotion and business trips abroad were postponed for a long time. But an exception was made for the deputy chairman's son-in-law. He was sent to the GDR to a general's position, from where, according to General Pavlov, "there was a stream of complaints from employees of the KGB representative office about the unworthy behavior of the new deputy chief of staff."

Tsinev was the first to become a colonel general - in October 1967, Tsvigun caught up with him only two years later. But they became army generals at the same time - in December 1978. And a year before that, both received gold stars of Heroes of Socialist Labor ... At the same time, Tsvigun and Tsinev did not get along with each other, especially after Tsvigun became the first deputy chairman of the KGB. This also suited Brezhnev.

Tsvigun, benevolent in character, did not particularly offend anyone, so he left a good memory of himself. Semyon Kuzmich became interested in literary work. Tsvigun's wife wrote prose under the pseudonym Rosalia Yermolyeva, and he also began to write - documentary books about the machinations of imperialist enemies, and then novels and screenplays under the transparent pseudonym S. Dneprov. Informed people even named the names of professional writers who "helped" Tsvigun in literary work. They assure that Vadim Trunin, the author of the wonderful "Belarusian Station", wrote the screenplays for him.

Books by Semyon Kuzmich were immediately published, and the scripts were quickly embodied in full-length feature films. Most of them were devoted to the partisan movement, and Tsvigun himself was considered a prominent partisan, although he spent the war in the rear.

In films staged according to his scripts, the main character, whom Tsvigun wrote from himself, was invariably played by Vyacheslav Tikhonov. Not tall, full, Semyon Kuzmich was nothing like a popular artist, an idol of those years, but, probably, in his dreams he saw himself just like that ...

Tsvigun (under the pseudonym Colonel-General S. K. Mishin) was also the chief military consultant of the famous film "Seventeen Moments of Spring", staged by Tatyana Lioznova according to the script by Yulian Semenov.

Oleg Tabakov, who brilliantly played the role of the head of German foreign intelligence Schellenberg in the film Seventeen Moments of Spring, later said that after watching the picture, Andropov took him to a corner and whispered reproachfully:

Oleg, it's immoral to play like that.

Changing of the Guard

When Alexander Bovin first visited Andropov at the Lubyanka, then, entering the chairman's office, he could not understand where Yury Vladimirovich's office was. There are cupboards, but there is no door to the office. It turns out that the entrance just went through the closet. Conspiracy.

I now have my own plane, - Yury Vladimirovich boasted to his former subordinate.

He quickly got used to the new work. Andropov was used to working on weekends as well. On one of the first Sundays, he ordered to gather the heads of departments and services. Not everyone was found, because the KGB leaders lived in dachas and did not have telephones. Andropov ordered them to install both city telephones and government communication devices, and to mount radio telephones in cars.

Vadim Kirpichenko writes that together with Andropov a small group of assistants came from the Central Committee. “At first they kept in a close flock,- recalled Vadim Kirpichenko, - and everyone tried to find out if there was any ill will around Yuri Vladimirovich or, God forbid, if some sedition was ripening. This group was devoted to him personally and tried by all available means to work to increase his authority, which at times even looked ridiculous and naive because of the straightforwardness in praising the merits of the new chairman ... "

All his assistants and secretaries - Pavel Laptev, Viktor Sharapov, Evgeny Kalgin, Yuri Plekhanov - became generals in the KGB.

Andropov wanted to know everything about the people he worked with, and listened to any information about them, no matter who it came from. In August 1967, one Saturday, Colonel Eduard Nordman, who had been on duty all night, from the second main counterintelligence department, was called to the chairman's reception room to give a certificate. The secretary on duty, then a lieutenant colonel, Yuri Plekhanov, wrote down his message and reported to Andropov. He wished to speak personally with the officer. He ordered to bring tea and began to ask questions about the situation in the main department of counterintelligence. Nordman recalled that he felt uncomfortable - what was it like for him, a colonel, to give assessments to the generals. But Andropov told him: - We talk like a communist with a communist, and not like a boss with a subordinate.

Andropov's longtime collaborator Vladimir Kryuchkov became the head of Andropov's secretariat. He worked for Andropov while still at the embassy in Budapest.

Andropov left for Moscow in 1957. But Kryuchkov remained at the embassy. But Yuri Vladimirovich did not forget the budding employee. Two years later, having settled down and taking root in Staraya Square, he invited Kryuchkov to his place: he was prepared for a position as an assistant in the sector of Hungary and Romania of the department of the Central Committee of the CPSU for relations with the communist and workers' parties of the socialist countries.

In 1963, Kryuchkov became the head of the sector, and in 1965 he rose one more step and, finally, took the position to which he was most disposed: he became assistant secretary of the Central Committee Andropov.

Vladimir Kryuchkov followed Andropov to the KGB just two days later. He had already been Yury Vladimirovich's assistant for four years, and Andropov got used to him. Kryuchkov first received the former position of assistant, but in early July he was appointed head of the chairman's secretariat.

Kryuchkov's office on the third floor was directly opposite the chairman's, they had a common reception room. Vladimir Alexandrovich was always at hand, ready to give information, to remind, to follow any instructions, to follow the movement of papers.

Diligent, pedantic, helpful and trouble-free performer with an excellent memory, he became an ideal clerk. Major General Kryuchkov made the strongest impression on the future head of intelligence, Leonid Shebarshin, who came with a request to find the document given to Andropov.

“Vladimir Aleksandrovich surprised me with his memory, Shebarshin wrote. - Hearing the name of the document that came to him a few months ago, he immediately opened the safe and immediately took out exactly what was required from a thick stack of papers. It seemed to me that I was dealing with a person to some extent extraordinary.

On August 9, 1971, Andropov appointed him First Deputy Head of the First Main Directorate (intelligence). Vladimir Alexandrovich described in his memoirs how Andropov invited him on a June evening and said:

Well, you can't pull any more. It's time to decide on your future work. Yes, and I understand that a fresh deputy is really needed in the first main department. Even though I need you here too. What do you think?

Kryuchkov was waiting for a lot of independent work, the position of first deputy was a step towards even greater positions. But it was difficult for Kryuchkov to switch to intelligence. He recalled how he was "uncomfortable at the thought that he would have to work at some distance" from Yuri Vladimirovich. But Andropov had already made up his mind.

By that time they had been working together for seventeen years. Kryuchkov idolized the boss, got used to the role of first assistant, and here he had to make decisions himself. But Vladimir Alexandrovich found a way out. His staff quickly noticed that he consulted with Andropov on every little thing. The head of Soviet intelligence remained an assistant in character, way of thinking and behavior.

Yuri Vladimirovich, of course, needed different people. But using the example of Kryuchkov, one can try to understand what qualities he valued most: diligence and devotion. Andropov's entourage included stronger figures, brighter intellectuals, more skilled professionals. But for the first roles, he put forward just such.

The new head of the secretariat was Pavel Laptev, who started in the department of the Central Committee as a referent for Albania. Laptev immediately received the rank of colonel, while the path to the colonel's epaulettes took about twenty years for regular KGB officers.

Andropov made Sinologist Viktor Sharapov, who had worked for Pravda for ten years, his assistant. Yuri Vladimirovich drew attention to his publications and invited him to his place, explained: - It will be necessary to prepare speeches and materials for the Politburo.

Like Pavel Laptev, Major General Sharapov followed Andropov to Staraya Square in 1982.

After Andropov's death, he was an assistant in the socialist countries for both Chernenko and Gorbachev, and in March 1988 he went as an ambassador to Bulgaria. Yuri Plekhanov and Evgeny Kalgin worked as secretaries. These were trusted people.

Yevgeny Kalgin sat in Andropov's waiting room in both the KGB and the Central Committee. After Andropov's death, he was returned to the Lubyanka and appointed head of the 12th department of the KGB, which was engaged in wiretapping and wiretapping of premises, as well as intercepting messages transmitted by facsimile. During the August 1991 putsch, Kalgin was tasked with bugging Russian leaders, starting with Boris Yeltsin. Kalgin fulfilled the order, so after the failure of the coup, he lost his job.

Yuri Plekhanov, who graduated from the Pedagogical Institute in absentia and switched from Komsomol work to party work, also began as a secretary on duty. After Andropov's death, he was also returned to the KGB. He received the rank of lieutenant general and became the head of the 9th department, which was responsible for the protection of senior leadership. After the August coup, when Plekhanov ordered Gorbachev to be isolated in Foros, he lost his title and awards and spent seventeen months in the Matrosskaya Tishina prison.

However, in the summer of 2002, President Putin signed a decree on the return of the rank of lieutenant general, awards and pensions to Plekhanov. But on the day the presidential decree was issued, Plekhanov died, probably never knowing that he was a general again ...

General Sergei Antonov became the head of the 9th Directorate under Andropov. An artilleryman by profession, he graduated from the Military Academy of Armored and Motorized Troops in 1949 and was enrolled in the Higher Intelligence School of the Information Committee under the Council of Ministers. For more than fifteen years, Antonov served in intelligence and did not belong to any clans. Apparently, this Antonov attracted the attention of Andropov, who recommended him to Brezhnev. The fact is that the head of the nine reported directly to the general secretary.

The head of the ninth department was subordinate to the Kremlin regiment. They recruited only Slavs and only people from worker-peasant families. The budding ones were sent to the school of ensigns, after which they were entrusted with the protection of objects. The most capable were taught and taken into personal protection.

In August 1974, Andropov replaced Antonov with Yuri Storozhev. Lieutenant General Antonov was not offended, he was formally promoted - they made him deputy chairman of the KGB. But only the 15th Directorate, created in March 1969, was subordinate to him. The task of the 15th Directorate is to save the lives of the country's leaders in the event of a nuclear war.

"We need to help Yuri"

The leadership of the committee, as usual, was strengthened by party cadres. Among them was Viktor Chebrikov, second secretary of the Dnepropetrovsk regional committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine.

He recalled how he was unexpectedly summoned to Moscow without any explanation. Ivan Kapitonov, secretary of the Central Committee for personnel, brought him to Brezhnev. He read Chebrikov's profile, which he liked (after all, a native of Dnepropetrovsk!), Asked a few questions about affairs in the region and said:

We sent Yuri to the KGB. Need a few people to help him and strengthen the organs.

So Chebrikov was approved as a member of the KGB collegium, and three days later he was appointed head of the personnel department. Formally, his new post seemed low. But in reality, the chief personnel officer of the KGB is a key position. No wonder Brezhnev himself expressed a desire to look at him. At the same time, several more party workers from different regions and from different positions were sent to the KGB.

Chebrikov was a strict, firm, diligent worker who punctually observed party canons. His former guard said: “He was a tough army man. Strict boss. No questions, sentiments - only service, charter and instructions. His subordinates were hardly pleased with him.

Chebrikov was a boring person, - General Viktor Ivanenko recalls, - it was impossible to get a single fresh word from him. At a meeting with him, people yearned, left his office with an empty head ...

But the chief personnel officer liked the bosses. Viktor Mikhailovich came to Andropov's liking for his reliability and diligence. Chebrikov, as a citizen of Dnepropetrovsk, was considered a Brezhnev man, but in fact he was devoted in body and soul to Andropov. He did not pretend to leadership, did not try on the chairman's chair and did not engage in intrigues.

Yuri Vladimirovich appreciated this, got used to completely relying on him, and a year later, in September 1968, he promoted him to deputy chairman. In 1971, Chebrikov became a candidate member of the Central Committee, ten years later - a member of the Central Committee. The high party status was a sign of the presidency. Chebrikov was perhaps the only person in the leadership of the committee whom Andropov trusted.

Lieutenant General Vadim Kirpichenko writes that in his role as deputy chairman of the KGB, Chebrikov led the development of operational equipment and the fight against dissidence. Through his efforts, a powerful operational and technical complex was created for the needs of the committee. Viktor Mikhailovich in 1980 received a state award on a secret list. For what? He never answered this question. Knowledgeable people claim that he was given the award for the construction of an underground control center for the country in case of war.

Take out the chicken manure, poison the dog!

Andropov immediately discovered the disorder in the economy entrusted to him: in his opinion, under Khrushchev, the Chekist apparatus was too reduced!

Indeed, Shelepin and Semichastny disbanded the local state security agencies where there were no foreign spies and could not be, where there were no military installations that should have been guarded. Andropov was guided by a different logic. He not only wanted to show the security officers that he would do everything to strengthen the role and prosperity of the committee. He considered it necessary to strengthen control over the entire country, to restore the structure that existed under Stalin.

Yuri Vladimirovich addressed a note to Brezhnev: “After the creation of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR in March 1954, counterintelligence units, especially in the field, were noticeably reduced in number. If at the time of the creation of the State Security Committee 25,375 employees worked in counterintelligence, then at present - 14,263. There are 734 KGB apparatuses in 3,300 districts. In many regions and republics there are 1-3 city (district) offices, and in the Buryat, Mari ASSR, Belgorod, Kursk, Orel, Ryazan regions (RSFSR), Kara-Kalpak ASSR, Kashka-Darya, Samarkand, Khorezm regions (Uzbek SSR), Kokchetav, North-Kazakhstan and Ural regions (Kazakh SSR) there are no KGB apparatuses in any area. Thus, the counterintelligence service in most parts of the country does not have its own grassroots level.

The mere enumeration of the regions testified to how right Andropov's predecessors were, who did not want to waste money and produce district and city departments, which obviously would have nothing to do ...

But new times were advancing on Staraya Square and Lubyanka. Brezhnev supported Andropov. On July 17, 1967, the Politburo agreed to the proposal of the new KGB chairman: “To allow the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, in addition to the existing ones, to form 2,000 KGB apparatuses in cities and districts during 1967.

Consider it expedient to rename the offices of the KGB Plenipotentiaries in the cities and districts into the city district departments of the KGB ... "On the same day, an equally secret government decree signed by Kosygin was issued:" 1. To increase the staffing of the KGB organs by 2,250 units, including 1,750 officers, 500 sergeants and civilians. Of these, there are 100 officers in the central office. 2. Introduce an additional 250 cars to the KGB staff, including 10 in the central office.

The new chairman impressed his subordinates with his resourcefulness. General Oleg Kalugin, one of Andropov's nominees, described one major operation. The KGB received information that the Americans want to recruit the wife of a Soviet resident, playing on her unusual sexual addictions: she opted for a dog. The meeting was chaired by Andropov himself. The KGB chairman proposed a bold decision - to poison the dog. But domestic chemistry did not take a strong canine body, the dog was only paralyzed to the greatest chagrin of its mistress ...

The main thing that Andropov did in the KGB was to return the department to a comprehensive character. He made up for the damage caused by the cuts made under Khrushchev, restored the number and then further increased the apparatus of the committee. The committee regained that secret power that had been undermined by Khrushchev's dismissive attitude towards the Chekists and their department.

From the book of the former first deputy chairman of the KGB, Philip Bobkov, you can find out what the local KGB bodies were doing. For example: a woman sat on a bench, not suspecting that a foreign tourist was sitting next to her. She was immediately entered into a card index: a connection with a foreigner. And this meant restrictions on employment, a ban on traveling abroad.

Iosif Legan, an employee of the KGB inspectorate, writes about how the brigade of the inspectorate arrived in the Gorky region to check the work of security officers in the town of Dzerzhinsky. It turned out what the local Chekists were doing, following the instructions of the regional administration.

"City department,- recalls Legan, - informed the city committee of the party, the city executive committee about the collection and export to the collective farm and state farm fields of chicken manure, the repair of tractors and other equipment. The brigade came to the conclusion that the city department deals with "issues that did not fall within the competence of the state security agencies." The head of the Gorky regional administration, lieutenant general, Yuri Danilov, did not agree with the opinion of the capital's inspectors. He reproached them for not "understanding the Party's policy regarding the development of agriculture":

Non-exportation of chicken manure from the poultry farm leads to the fact that the chickens are poisoned and die, the egg shell becomes thin, because of this, a large percentage of their fight happens ...

Before Andropov, the KGB was a state committee under the Council of Ministers. He achieved an increase in the state status of his department. On July 5, 1978, by decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR was finally withdrawn from subordination to the government, received a special supra-departmental status and began to be called simply: the KGB of the USSR. Territorial state security bodies began to be called departments for the edges and regions.

The instructions of the KGB became obligatory for all institutions of the country, except for the Central Committee of the party. Andropov restored all the regional state security units that had been disbanded by his predecessors, the state security departments at large enterprises and higher educational institutions.

Don't feel sorry for the general's stripes!

Yuri Vladimirovich spoke rarely, spoke calmly and slowly. The vast majority of his subordinates have never seen the chairman alive. They drew the image of a great man sitting somewhere in the sky.

Andropov cared about the material well-being of his subordinates, and they responded to him with complete devotion. But even more they were grateful that the prestige of the committee had grown. Talk about what the state security was doing under Stalin is a thing of the past. Only the bright image of the knight of the revolution Felix Dzerzhinsky remained in the history of the organs, and service in the KGB became enviable.

Service in the KGB seemed like a romantic affair. This was reinforced by the consciousness of their own exclusivity, involvement in something secret, inaccessible to others. Although grassroots employees were not informed about anything special. The authorities did not want their subordinates to know something that went beyond their direct duties. But they were paid a good salary, they were given apartments, food orders, the KGB had its own clinics, hospitals, studios, rest houses and sanatoriums, where they traveled almost free of charge.

other topics:

Member of the CPSU (b) since 1932.

Biography

Graduated from the Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Institute (1934). In 1934-1939 he worked at the Nizhnedneprovsk pipe-rolling plant named after K. Liebknecht. Since 1939 - at party work in Dnepropetrovsk, secretary of the Leninsky district party committee, since 1940 - second secretary of the Dnepropetrovsk city party committee.

Drafted into the Red Army in November 1941, a participant in the Great Patriotic War. He was at the front in positions of political composition: from November 1941 - commissar of the headquarters of the operational group of troops of the 21st Army, from February 1942 - deputy head of the political department of the Kalinin Front, in July - December 1942 - head of the political department of the 4th shock army on Kalininsky front, from May 1943 until the end of the war - head of the political department of the 57th Army. Participated in defensive battles in Ukraine, in the battle for Moscow, in the winter-spring battles of 1943 in the Kharkov region, in the battle for the Dnieper, in the battle for the Right-Bank Ukraine, in the liberation of the Moldavian SSR, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary, Austria.

After the Victory, he remained in the army. From June 1946 he served as assistant to the High Commissioner in the executive committee of the Soviet part of the Allied Commission for Austria. In May 1948 he was sent to study, in 1950 he graduated from the Higher Military Academy named after K. E. Voroshilov. In 1950-1951 - Deputy High Commissioner in Austria from the USSR.

Since 1953 - in leadership work in the state security agencies (first in the Main Directorate of State Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the USSR, since 1954 - in the KGB of the USSR. From September 1953 - Head of the Directorate of Special Departments for the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany. From June 1958 From September 1960 - Head of the Special Directorate in the 3rd Directorate of the KGB of the USSR, and from May 1961 - Head of the Special Directorate - Deputy Head of the 3rd Directorate of the KGB of the USSR. after coming to power L. I. Brezhnev, who was a relative. In February 1966, he replaced I. A. Fadeikin as head of the 3rd Directorate of the KGB (military counterintelligence). Member of the KGB collegium from May 24, 1967, from July 24 of that the same year, he replaced S. G. Bannikov as head of the 2nd Main (counterintelligence) department of the KGB.In August 1970, he was deputy chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.

Member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU in 1971-1976. Candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1976-1981, member of the Central Committee of the CPSU in 1981-1986. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR 8-11 convocations.

Lived in the city of Moscow. Died May 31, 1996. He was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.

Ranks

Major General (04/19/1945)
Lieutenant General (01/09/1957)
Colonel General (10/27/1967).
army general (12/13/1978)

Awards

Hero of Socialist Labor (05/04/1977).
3 orders of Lenin
Order of the October Revolution
3 Orders of the Red Banner
Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky II degree
Order of the Patriotic War I and II degree
Order of the Red Banner of Labor
various medals of the USSR
foreign orders and medals

State Prize of the RSFSR named after the Vasilyev brothers (1983) - for participation in the creation (as the main consultant) of the film "Syndicate-2"

Tsinev Georgy Karpovich - Deputy Chairman of the State Security Committee (KGB) under the Council of Ministers of the USSR, Colonel General.
Born on April 22 (May 5), 1907 in the city of Yekaterinoslav, now Dnepropetrovsk (Ukraine). Ukrainian. In 1925-1929 he worked as a worker, assistant marker, foreman at the Dnepropetrovsk plant named after Petrovsky. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1932.
In 1934 he graduated from the Dnepropetrovsk Metallurgical Institute. In 1934-1939 he was a foreman, engineer, acting shop manager at the Karl Liebknecht plant in Nizhnedneprovsk. In 1939-1940 - head of the metallurgical department of the Dnepropetrovsk regional committee of the CP (b) of Ukraine, then secretary of the Leninsky district committee, in 1940-1941 second secretary of the city committee of the CP (b) of Ukraine in Dnepropetrovsk. Then he became closely acquainted with the first secretary of the Dnepropetrovsk regional party committee.
Since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War since July 1941 in the Red Army in political work: commissar of an artillery regiment, from November 1941 - commissar of the headquarters of the operational group of the 21st Army of the Southwestern Front, from February 1942 - deputy head of the political department of the Kalinin Front, from July 1942 - Head of the Political Department of the 4th Shock Army of the Kalinin Front, from May 1943 - Head of the Political Department of the 57th Army on the 2nd Ukrainian and 3rd Ukrainian Fronts, and from June 1945 - in the Southern Group of Forces. Participated in defensive battles in Ukraine in 1941, in the battle of Moscow, in the battles for Kharkov, in the battle for the Dnieper, in the liberation of the Right-Bank Ukraine, Moldova, Romania, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, Hungary and Austria.
After the war, he remained in military service. From October 1945 - head of the economic department, from April 1946 to August 1950 - assistant to the High Commissioner of the Soviet part of the Allied Commission in Austria. From August 28, 1950 to July 28, 1951 - Deputy High Commissioner in Austria from the USSR.
In 1953 he graduated from the Higher Military Academy named after K.E. Voroshilov (Military Academy of the General Staff). From September 21, 1953 to June 24, 1958 - Head of the Department of Special Departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs - KGB of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany (GSVG); from June 24, 1958 to October 24, 1960 - head of the Military Institute of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR named after F.E. Dzerzhinsky. From October 24, 1960 to March 1961 - Head of the Special Directorate (special departments of strategic missile forces) in the 3rd Directorate (military counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR; from March 1961 to June 1964 - Head of the Special Directorate - Deputy Head of the 3rd Directorate (military counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR; from June 1964 to February 1966 - Deputy Head of the 3rd Directorate of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
From February 23, 1966 to July 24, 1967 - head of the 3rd department (military counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. On May 24, 1967, he was a member of the KGB Collegium under the Council of Ministers of the USSR.
From July 24, 1967 to July 28, 1970 - Head of the 2nd Main Directorate (counterintelligence) of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR. In 1968, he was part of the KGB task force in Czechoslovakia, took part in the preparation of the issue of bringing troops of the Warsaw Pact countries into this country.
From July 28, 1970 to January 25, 1982 - Deputy Chairman of the KGB under the Council of Ministers of the USSR - the KGB of the USSR. In accordance with the distribution of duties, he oversaw military counterintelligence (3rd Directorate) and the Investigation Department. In 1970-1974, he also oversaw the 15th Directorate (maintenance of nuclear shelters for senior management), which later became the Main Directorate. Being a confidant, he informed him about the situation with the KGB and the actions of its Chairman, and did not hide it at all.
W and outstanding services in ensuring the security of the Motherland and in connection with the seventieth birthday, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 4, 1977, Colonel General Tsinev Georgy Karpovich He was awarded the title of Hero of Socialist Labor with the Order of Lenin and the Hammer and Sickle gold medal.
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR dated December 13, 1978, Colonel General Tsinev Georgy Karpovich was awarded the military rank of "General of the Army" with the appropriate Diploma of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR and the insignia "Marshal's Star". He became the oldest general of the army in the history of the USSR at the time of awarding such a rank (71 years old).
It is known that since Tsinev in 1960-1964 was the first head of the Directorate of Special Departments of the Strategic Missile Forces, he managed in the 70s to ensure that the ranks of heads of special departments in the Strategic Missile Forces became a step higher than in special departments of other types Armed Forces and military branches. So, the head of the special department of the missile division in the state began to have the rank of colonel, and the head of the special department of the missile army - major general. On May 25, 1982, the status of the entire military counterintelligence was also raised - the 3rd Directorate of the KGB was again transformed into the 3rd Main Directorate, as it was before 1960.
After the death of the general of the army, from January 25, 1982 to December 1, 1985 - First Deputy Chairman of the KGB of the USSR. Since January 1986 - military inspector-advisor of the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since January 1992 - retired.
The opinions of former associates about Tsinev in dozens of memoirs and articles are almost unanimously sharply negative. A person who is completely devoted personally and close to him, shamelessly using this proximity. He was distinguished by a penchant for intrigue, rudeness towards subordinates, and vindictiveness.
Military ranks:
regimental commissar (1941);
colonel (December 1942);
major general (04/19/1945);
lieutenant general (01/09/1957);
colonel general (10/27/1967);
army general (12/13/1978).
In 1971-1976 he was a member of the Central Audit Commission of the CPSU. Since 1976 - a candidate member of the Central Committee of the CPSU, in 1981-1986 - a member of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of the 8th-11th convocations (1970-1989).
Lived in the hero city of Moscow. Died May 31, 1996. He was buried at the Vagankovsky cemetery in Moscow.
Awarded 3 Orders of Lenin (29.12.1973, 4.05.1977, 4.05.1982), Order of the October Revolution (4.06.1971), 3 Orders of the Red Banner (19.03.1944, 28.04.1945, 28.04.1980), Order of Bohdan Khmelnitsky 2- 1st degree (November 3, 1944), 2 Orders of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree (09/13/1944, 03/11/1985), Orders of the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree (09/27/1943), Red Banner of Labor (05/05/1967), medals, including "For Military Merit" (11/19/1951), as well as orders and medals of foreign states, including the Order of St. Alexander 4th degree with swords (05/21/1945, Bulgaria).