Fairy tales

Class hour and presentation astronauts of the Kuban. Presentation on the topic "Kuban's contribution to space exploration". constructor from god

Classroom hour

"Kuban cosmonauts"

GOALS:

To acquaint with the cosmonauts of the Kuban;

To instill a sense of pride in their small homeland, respect for the Kuban people and their achievements.

PROGRESS OF THE EVENT

Introductory speech of the teacher:

Today we will talk about our countrymen - the Kuban people, who contributed to the development of astronautics and conquered outer space.

II. Chain of riddles for children.

Guess the riddles in verses:

To arm the eye
And make friends with the stars
Milky way to see
Need a powerful...

telescope hundreds of years
Studying the life of the planets.
Will tell us everything
smart uncle...

Astronomer - he is a stargazer
Knows everything!
Only better stars are visible
The sky is full...

To the moon can't bird
Fly and land
But he can do it
Make a quick...

At the rocket there is a driver
Weightlessness lover.
English: astronaut
And in Russian …

Astronaut sitting in a rocket
Cursing everything in the world -
In orbit as luck would have it
Appeared…

UFO flies to neighbor
From the constellation Andromeda
It howls like a wolf from boredom
Evil green...

Humanoid strayed off course
Lost in three planets
If there is no star map,
Speed doesn't help...

Light flies the fastest
Kilometers are not counted.
The Sun gives life to the planets
We are warm, tails are ...

All comet flew around,
I looked at everything in the sky.
He sees a hole in space -
This is black…

In black holes darkness
Something black is busy.
There he completed his flight
Interplanetary…

starship - steel bird,
He travels faster than light.
Learns in practice
Star…

And the galaxies are flying
Loose as they want.
very healthy -
This whole universe!

Stars help a man to grow

Although the Cosmic Age has recently begun,

And in many ways, the darkness has already dissipated.

and we already look at many things differently,

and science completes its volumes.

Penetrates the Earth (let her luck shine!)

into the wise Cosmos (it is full of fire and mind!)

and becomes with every victory itself

vaster and brighter, stronger and richer.

Dipper's bucket is like an excavator's bucket,

he can tear down mountains to the very soles,

bring the Himalayas to another continent ...

No matter how far the stars are from us,

but their strength pours into the muscles of the arm,

Stars help mankind to grow!

III. Kuban and cosmonautics

“Our region is connected by a thousand threads with the history of the development of domestic space science and technology. Many domestic scientists who worked in the field of rocket science, pilot-cosmonauts, workers of the Baikonur and Plesetsk cosmodromes and the Kapustin Yar test site were born, grew up or worked here. In 1966, the commission of the USSR Academy of Sciences on lunar names assigned the names of scientists and designers who developed powder and liquid rocket engines to ten craters on the far side of the moon. Crater No. 136 was named after N.G. Chernyshev. So the name of the Cossack, born in the vast expanses of the Kuban steppes, reached cosmic heights. Until the mid-1980s, the activities of the scientist - the creator of rocket fuel - were known only in narrow circles of chemists and rocket scientists. In 1988, after the publication of an article by Professor T.I. Agapova "The Name on the Map of the Moon" in the newspaper "Soviet Kuban" Kuban for the first time learned about the achievements of their countryman, facts from his biography. But few people today know about the fate of Chernyshev the warrior, who volunteered for the front at the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

Even in the Soviet era, Kuban enterprises worked for the country's developing space industry. Krasnodar "Saturn", for example, now produces solar panels used in modern cosmonautics.
Dozens of cosmonauts of the former USSR, modern Russia and abroad have been trained at the South Russian Institute for Monitoring Lands and Ecosystems, the Krasnodar Higher Military Aviation Pilot School named after A. Serov and the Yeisk Aviation School. The first group of USSR cosmonauts had a pre-flight practice at the Krasnodar airport. It is also noteworthy that the first cosmonaut of the planet Yu. A. Gagarin later passed the baton to his Kuban colleagues: in total, our fellow countrymen twice Hero of the Soviet Union V. V. Gorbatko, twice Hero of the Soviet Union V. I. Sevastyanov, Hero of the Soviet Union A. N. Berezovoy, Hero of the Russian Federation G. I. Padalka, Hero of the Russian Federation S. E. Treschev spent almost two years in space.
The Kuban also presented the planet Earth with outstanding scientists of the space age - Yu. V. Kondratyuk, D. I. Kozlov, N. G. Chernyshev.

Student:

Sergei Evgenievich Treshchev - cosmonaut, Hero of the Russian Federation.

The future cosmonaut was born on August 18, 1958. in the village of Krasny Kustar, Volynsky district, Lipetsk region. In 1964, the Treschevs moved to the Krasnodar Territory. Sergey's parents, Evgeny Georgievich and Nina Davydovna, decided to change their residence permit after learning from their relatives that the Kuban has high salaries and a wonderful climate. The head of the family got a job as a machine operator in the huge village of Kholmskaya, and his mother as a bus conductor.
For the first time, the Treshchevs realized that their son was growing up as an extraordinary person when he was five years old. At this age, little Seryozha came to study at school. The teacher's attempts to expel the boy with a finger from the class ended in her complete surrender.

On the second attempt in 1976, he entered the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI), which he successfully completed in 1982, receiving the specialty of "engineer-teacher of electrical power disciplines." After two years he served in the Soviet Army as a technician of the aircraft equipment maintenance group in the Zhytomyr region stationed in the city of Ovruch. From August 29, he worked as a power equipment foreman at the experimental engineering plant.

Awards

Hero of the Russian Federation (2004)
Medal "For Merit in Conducting the All-Russian Population Census" (2003).
NASA Space Flight Medal (NASA Space Flight Medal)
Pilot-cosmonaut of the Russian Federation

Student:

Sevastyanov Vitaly Ivanovich.

Sevastyanov Vitaly Ivanovich (born July 8, 1935, Krasnouralsk, Sverdlovsk Region), USSR pilot-cosmonaut, twice Hero of the Soviet Union (July 3, 1970, July 27, 1975). Member of the CPSU since 1963. In 1959 he graduated from the Moscow Aviation Institute. S. Ordzhonikidze and began working in the design bureau. Candidate of Technical Sciences (1965). In the cosmonaut corps since 1967. June 1-19, 1970 (together with A.G.Nikolaev ) flying in a spaceship"Soyuz-9" as a flight engineer. The ship made more than 286 revolutions around the Earth in 424 h 59 min, having flown about 11.9 million km. May 24 - July 26, 1975, together with P. I. Klimuk, flew on the Soyuz-18 spacecraft as a flight engineer. On May 26, 1975, Soyuz-18 docked with a scientific station that had been in orbit since December 26, 1974"Salyut-4" . Total flight time about 63 day Being in space flights (total 80 day 15 h 59 min) , S. carried out a program of scientific, technical and biomedical research, and also worked out the methodology for conducting applied work on the study of the natural resources of the Earth. Active member of the International Academy of Astronautics. He was awarded 2 orders of Lenin, as well as medals.

Pilot-Cosmonaut Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanovdied April 5, 2010 at the age of 75in Moscow after a severe long illness. He was buried at the Ostankino cemetery on April 8 next to his wife's grave.

In 1970 V. Sevastyanov and A. Nikolaev on the ship "Soyuz-9" carried out a record for that time in duration18-day flight around the Earth. It was the 16th launch of a Soviet spacecraft with cosmonauts on board.

2.Student:

Berezovoy Anatoly Nikolaevich.

Since 1970, he has been in the cosmonaut corps under the serial number 107. He made the only flight from May 13 to December 10, 1982 at the Salyut-7 station (expedition commander), take-off - Soyuz T-5, landing - Soyuz T-7. Flight duration - 211 days 09 hours 04 minutes 31 seconds. Number of spacewalks - 1. Duration of work in open space - 2 hours 33 minutes. He was expelled from the cosmonaut corps on October 31, 1992 due to his dismissal from the armed forces due to age.

Has numerous awards:

3.Student:

Alexander Vladimirovich Schukin.

In connection with the constant transfers of his father, he studied at various schools, including in the cities of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Leningrad.

From 1962 to 1964 he studied at the secondary polytechnic general educational labor school No. 60 with industrial training in the city of Krasnodar. Upon completion of which, he received a certificate of assignment to the profession of a radio technician for the repair of ground-based aircraft electrical and radio equipment.

In 1980 he graduated from the evening department of the Zhukovsky branch of the Moscow Aviation Institute named after Sergo Ordzhonikidze with a degree in mechanical engineering.

Professional activity:

He worked as a fitter, electrician.

In 1966 he worked as a radio mechanic for the Krasnodar air squadron.

He died on August 18, 1988 in a test flight on a Su-26M sports aircraft. He was buried at the Bykovsky cemetery in the city of Zhukovsky, Moscow Region.

4. Student:

Hero of the Russian Federation pilot-cosmonaut Gennady Padalka.

Gennady Ivanovich Padalka graduatedin 1979. Married, father of three daughters. In her free time, she enjoys theater, parachuting and diving.

Serial number - 384 (89)
Number of flights - 3

Total duration - 585 days 06 h 29 min 53 s
Number of spacewalks - 8
Duration of work in open space - 27 hours 14 minutes

Marital status: wife - Irina Anatolyevna, daughters - Julia, Ekaterina, Sophia.

Higher education.

5.Student:

In 1979 he graduated from the Yeisk Higher Military Aviation Pilot School (VVAUL) named after V. M. Komarov with a degree in Command and Tactical Fighter-Bomber Aviation.

In 1994, he graduated from the UNESCO International Center for Learning Systems at the Faculty of Aerospace Ecology of the State Oil and Gas Academy, was awarded the qualification of an environmental engineer and a master's degree in environmental management.

In 2009, he graduated from the Russian Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation with a degree in State and Municipal Administration, with a specialization in Public Administration and National Security.

Work experience: after graduating from an aviation school from December 1979 to April 1989, he served as a military pilot in parts of the Air Force of the USSR Ministry of Defense.

By the time he was enrolled in the cosmonaut corps, he had mastered the L-29, MiG-15UTI, MiG-17, Su-7B, Su-7U, Su-7BM, Su-24 aircraft. The total flying time was about 1200 hours.

On April 22, 1989, by order of the Ministry of Defense, he was enlisted as a candidate for test cosmonauts in the cosmonaut corps of the RGNII CTC.

From June 1989 to January 1991 he passed general space training at the CTC. On February 1, 1991, by the decision of the Interdepartmental Qualification Commission (MVKK), he was awarded the qualification "test cosmonaut".

From April 1991 to February 1996 he was trained under the program of flights to OK "Mir" as part of a group.

On February 9, 1996, he was appointed commander of the backup crew under the program of the 24th expedition to OK Mir (EO-24) and commander of the main crew of the 26th expedition (EO-26).

From September 1996 to July 1997 he was trained as the commander of the E0-24 backup crew together with Sergey Avdeev and Jean-Pierre Haignere (France).

Since October 1997, he began training as part of the main crew of the E0-26, together with Sergey Avdeev. On March 23, 1998, cosmonaut-researcher Yuri Baturin began training in this crew.

6. Student:

The first flight: from August 13, 1998 to February 28, 1999 as commander of the Soyuz TM-28 spacecraft and commander of the 26th main expedition (EO-26) to the Mir OK. Started with Sergey Avdeev and Yuri Baturin. Landed with Ivan Bella (Slovakia).
Call sign: "Altair-1".

During the flight, he performed one spacewalk and one spacewalk into the depressurized Spektr module.

The flight duration was 198 days 16 hours 31 minutes 20 seconds.

On February 3, 1999, by decision of the Board of the RCA, he was appointed commander of the backup crew of the 29th expedition to the Mir OK (EO-29) together with Sergei Treshchev. On June 1, 1999, the Council of Chief Designers decided to transfer from August 1999 OK "Mir" to an unmanned flight mode. The crews of EO-29 were disbanded.

On June 15, 1999, he began training at the Yu.A. Gagarin CTC as the commander of the main crew under the MKS-1R (ISS Rescue) program together with Nikolai Budarin. It was supposed, in the event of a failure of the automatic docking of the Zvezda service module with the Zarya/Node-1 FGB, to send a crew into orbit to carry out the docking in manual mode. Trained until July 6, 2000. On July 26, 2000, the automatic docking was completed successfully.

In July 1999, he was appointed commander of the backup crew of Expedition 4 to the International Space Station (ISS-4D). Since November 2000, he began to prepare for the flight as the commander of the ISS-4D backup crew, together with Michael Fink (USA) and Stephen Robinson (USA).

7. Student:

Since December 2001 to April 2002 together with Kononenko O.D. he was trained as a commander of the backup crew of the Soyuz TM-34 TPK of the third visiting crew to the ISS.

In March 2002, he was appointed crew commander of Expedition 9 to the ISS (ISS-9 crew - Gennady Padalka, Michael Fink, Oleg Kononenko). In February 2003, after the disaster of the shuttle Columbia, due to a change in the ISS flight program, the crews were reorganized.
In December 2003, he was appointed commander of the backup crew of Expedition 9 to the ISS (ISS-9D) and commander of the prime crew of Expedition 10 to the ISS (ISS-10), together with Michael Fink. However, after in January 2004 the ISS-9 prime crew flight engineer William MacArthur was removed from training for medical reasons, after several changes in the crews, on January 28, 2004 it was decided to appoint the backup crew (Gennady Padalka, Michael Fink) as the prime crew Expedition 9 ISS. Due to the fact that only 2.5 months remained before the flight, the ISS-9 crew started preparations on the same day, without waiting for the official decision of the ICSD. Together with them, the Dutch astronaut Andre Kuipers was trained under the visiting expedition program.

8. Student:

Second flight: from April 19 to October 24, 2004 as Soyuz TMA-4 spacecraft commander and ISS Expedition 9 commander. During the flight he performed four spacewalks.

The flight duration was 187 days 21 hours 16 minutes 09 seconds.

In August 2007, he was appointed commander of the prime crew of Expedition 19 to the ISS (MKS-19A, since July 2008 it has been simply designated MKS-19).

In January 2008, he began training under the ISS Expedition 19 program. May 2008year, after the transfer of the ISS-18 backup crew commander Yuri Lonchakov to the main crew, he was included in his place in the backup crew (ISS-18D) and began training together with Michael Barratt (USA) and a member of the visiting expedition, space tourist Nick Khalik.

After duplication, he continued training as a prime crew commander for the ISS Expeditions 19 and 20 program, along with NASA astronaut Michael Barratt and visiting expedition member, space tourist Charles Simonyi.

9. Student:

Third flight: from March 26 to October 11, 2009 as commander of the Soyuz TMA-14 spacecraft and commander of the 19th and 20th main expeditions to the ISS.

During the flight he performed two spacewalks.

The flight duration was 198 days 16 hours 42 minutes 22 seconds.

Classiness: military pilot 1st class. Instructor-cosmonaut-test 1st class.

Honorary titles and awards:

Hero of the Russian Federation (04/05/1999).

Pilot-cosmonaut of the Russian Federation (04/05/1999).

He was awarded the Gold Star medal of the Hero of the Russian Federation (04/05/1999), the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree (02/23/2005), the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, III degree (04/02/2010), laureate of the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the region science and technology.

From an interview with Padalka:

« Space and weightlessness are a special habitat, and ordinary terrestrial adaptations are not suitable there. Therefore, everything that is on the ISS is made especially for it. Clothing, food and devices for its reception, personal hygiene products, means of fixing an astronaut to work in weightlessness inside and outside the station, life support systems in space - they are all unique, and they have no terrestrial analogues. Here, for example, is the Russian condensate water recovery system, which is used to remove moisture from the station's atmosphere and then clean it up. This is the moisture that is released during breathing, through the skin, or remains in the atmosphere of the station when taking water procedures. So: after collection and purification, it is again saturated with salts and minerals and made drinkable. This is about one and a half liters per day for each operator. A certain water cycle in the volume of the complex. This allows us to reduce the supply of water to the station on cargo ships.”

10. Student:

Student: Gorbatko Viktor Vasilievich

Gorbatko was born on December 3, 1934 in the village of Venets-Zarya, Gulkevichsky District, Krasnodar Territory. After graduating from high school in 1952, he entered and in 1953 graduated from the military aviation school for initial pilot training, and in 1956 from the Bataysk Military Aviation School. A.K. Serov. Then he served in the fighter aviation regiment of the 48th Air Army of the Odessa Military District, from where in 1959 he was sent to Moscow of his own free will to be selected for the cosmonaut corps. Having passed all the stages of selection, Viktor Vasilievich was enlisted in the detachment on March 7, 1960 as a student-cosmonaut of the Air Force Cosmonaut Training Center among the cosmonauts of the first, "Gagarin" recruitment. The stages of general space and pre-flight preparation began.

In 1968, without interrupting his work at the Cosmonaut Training Center, he graduated from the N.E. Zhukovsky.

His first flight into space V.V. On October 12-17, 1969, Gorbatko made a group flight of three Soyuz-6, Soyuz-7, Soyuz-8 spacecraft on the Soyuz-7 spacecraft as a research engineer (call sign Buran-3) ) in the crew: ship commander A.V. Filipchenko, flight engineer V.N. Volkov.

The second space flight of V.V. Gorbatko made from February 7 to 25, 1977 under the Almaz program as the crew commander of the Soyuz-24 spacecraft and the Salyut-5 orbital station (call sign Terek-1) together with flight engineer Yu.N. Glazkov.

July 23-31, 1980 V.V. Gorbatko, as commander of the international crew of the Soyuz-37 spacecraft (call sign Terek-1), together with cosmonaut-researcher, citizen of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam Pham Tuan, made his third space flight to the Salyut-6 orbital station under the visiting expedition program.

After the Soyuz-37 crew moved into the station building and rested a bit, the Azola experiment began. Azolla, the Vietnamese water fern, is the smallest of the higher plants. This makes it convenient for experiments on the effect of weightlessness on the processes of growth and development of plants, because up to 20 azoles could be placed in the research device, which increased the reliability of the data obtained. In addition, Azolla reproduces rapidly, and in a short time it is possible to study the complete change of generations of these plants. Azolla, growing in the fields, increases the fertility of the soil. This is due to the fact that one of the varieties of blue-green algae lives in the air sinuses, which can bind atmospheric nitrogen, convert it into compounds suitable for plant nutrition. Such qualities may allow the use of Azolla at long-term stations to create ecological systems.

In preparation for space flights, he flew the Yak-11, UTI MiG-15bis, L-29, MiG-17, Il-14, Mi-8 helicopter.

Viktor Vasilyevich was awarded two Gold Star medals of the Hero of the Soviet Union (1969, 1977), three Orders of Lenin (1969, 1976, 1980), the Order of the Red Star (1961), the Gold Star medal of the Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic (1971), a medal "Gold Star" of the Hero of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (1981), orders and medals of the MPR, SRV, PRB, GDR, Poland, DPRK. He received the title "Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR" in 1969 after his first flight into space.

Total flight time - 30 days 12 hours 48 minutes.
Viktor Vasilyevich is married and has two daughters.

11. Apprentice.

1969: October 12-17My childhood passed in the Kuban during the Great Patriotic War. For six months I lived in the occupied territory. What do you remember most about that time? I remember when our troops retreated - and I grew up at the Voskhod stud farm - they abandoned everything, incl. and herds of horses. I watched how the German pilots came over the herd and shot him. If it were cavalry, then it is understandable, but to shoot a peaceful herd of horses ... It made a terrifying impression on me. I remember the battles between ours and the fascist fighters that took place in the sky over the Kuban. At that time, I did not yet know that it was in the skies of the Kuban that our aviation achieved air superiority for the first time.

More than once I have heard that the most earthly profession in the world is an astronaut. Viktor Gorbatko also thinks so. Twice Hero of the USSR, awarded three Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Star, the Gold Medal. K. E. Tsiolkovsky, Hero of Mongolia and the Republic of Vietnam, honorary citizen of Krasnodar, Armavir, Kaluga and other cities of Russia, Kazakhstan, Bulgaria and Mongolia. Man of the Universe… His road to the stars began from the Milky Way. The one that spilled in the Kuban sky on a warm summer night. When the mares, in their half-asleep, peacefully nibbling the grass, and the Kuban is steaming with steam, like warmed milk.

12. Apprentice.

Acquaintance in the hospital

Viktor Gorbatko was lucky enough to get into the first, "Gagarin" set. It so happened that he was the first to come to the hospital, where the applicants for the title of "Cosmonaut No. 1" went for examination.
- As I remember now: I spent the whole day in the hospital and was completely alone in the ward. I'm lying on the bed, and then the door opens and a young man comes in. “Senior Lieutenant Gagarin,” he simply introduced himself. Then other guys came. There were 6 people of the same age in our group. We are still friends. Everyone turns 70 this year. It is a pity that Yura will not celebrate a wonderful anniversary with us.
The pilots spent 45 days together, then joint training began. They dreamed of how they would rise above the earth, and hoped that someday space flights would be available to everyone.

After undergoing special training, all the cosmonauts of the "Gagarin" recruitment entered one course at the Zhukovsky Academy. They all studied in the same group and wrote their theses on different aspects of the same topic. Gagarin and Gorbatko explored the possibility of building reusable spacecraft. Even then, they planned to build Buranas and Shuttles.
- Yuri took his studies very seriously. Despite a lot of cases, he was not listed in the academy, namely, he studied. Sometimes, however, he skipped classes and took lectures from us in order to prepare. How many times did he use my notebooks too. We defended our diplomas in 1968, and after 3 months Yura went on his last flight.

13. Apprentice.

Together on an envelope

After the death of Yuri Gagarin, Viktor Gorbatko made a huge contribution to the development of Soviet cosmonautics. He was an understudy for Alexei Leonov and trained under the EVA program. Still, Leonov was the first in space, but in October 1969 Gorbatko also had his finest hour. It was he who took part in the joint flight of three spacecraft, and then rose into orbit as part of the "Soviet-Vietnamese delegation."
Cosmonaut Gorbatko's chest is adorned with two stars of the Hero of the Soviet Union, three Orders of Lenin, the Order of the Red Star, gold stars of the Hero of Mongolia and Vietnam. However, Viktor Vasilyevich is especially proud of ... a simple set of stamps. On them, he, along with fellow student Yuri Gagarin.

Watching a film about V. Gorbatko.

14. Student:

An exhibition opened today at the Krasnodar Historical and Archaeological Museum named after E. D. Felitsyn"Space routes of the Kuban". "It is dedicated to the 50th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin's flight and the Year of Russian Cosmonautics," the corr. ITAR-TASS President of the Krasnodar Federation of Cosmonautics Enver Trakhov.
The exposition presents personal belongings of the Kuban cosmonauts.Viktor Gorbatko, Anatoly Berezovoy, Alexander Schukin and Gennady Padalka, books and letters of scientists Konstantin Tsiolkovsky and Yuri Kondratyuk, costumes. The exposition of space nutrition is presented within the framework of the exhibition. "Cosmic Pickles" was kindly presented to the exhibition by the employees of the only Biryulevsky Experimental Space Food Plant in Russia. In the center of the exposition are the personal belongings of Viktor Gorbatko, twice a hero of the Soviet Union who went into space. Speaking at the opening ceremony of the exhibition, Gorbatko noted that "a lot has been done for space in Krasnodar and the Kuban."

15. Student:

The constellations twinkle.

Constellations twinkle in the cosmic darkness,

Temptingly shine and clear

But people are used to living on earth,

And this habit is great.

Space is like the sea, but the shore -

The earth, its plains and slopes.

What does the earth mean for people from the ship,

Sailors will gladly tell you.

They dream of the sea in taverns,

Like prisoners looking for freedom.

But still only days pass by the sea,

And the years have been given to the shore.

I would also like to board the ship,

Distant constellations beckon.

But let dear Earth wait for me,

She will never cheat.

Outcome:

Teacher:

This concludes our event. But, I hope, the list of Kuban cosmonauts will not end. Maybe, when you grow up, one of you will become the successor of the started space work and glorify our small Motherland, our Kuban, with new exploits.

Literature:

1 “He who raised the glory of the Kuban to the lunar heights” (to the 100th anniversary of the birth of N.G. Chernyshev). - Krasnodar: Range-B, 2006

2. Star son of the Kuban: on the occasion of the 70th anniversary of twice Hero of the Soviet Union, USSR pilot-cosmonaut, Major General of Aviation V.V. Gorbatko. - Krasnodar: Kuban Periodicals, 2004.

3. Shalobaev A.Yu.
For the Glory of Russia / A.Yu. Shalobaev, Yu.S. Ustinov. - M.: Heroes of the Fatherland, 2005.

5. Internet resources.

Today is Cosmonautics Day. 52 years have passed since Yuri Gagarin's historic first flight.

Now the Kuban is also proud of its cosmonauts - these are Viktor Gorbatko, Vitaly Sevastyanov, Anatoly Berezovoy, Gennady Padalka, Sergei Treshchev.

It so happened that stamps rule the world. Russia in the understanding of a foreigner is a bear, vodka and matryoshka. And our region seems to non-Kubans only as a granary, a health resort and a venue for the Olympics in the near future. Such an angle of view does not imply that our land has given not only the country, but the whole world people, without whom it is difficult, and perhaps unrealistic, to imagine, for example, modern astronautics. You didn't know that either? Then let me introduce you to another side of the Kuban - space.

Where can an acquaintance with an astronaut begin? Of course, at the airport. Under a fine, nasty rain, we, shivering, run into the arrivals hall. For us, this is a special day. We meet the pilot-cosmonaut, Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly Berezovoy, who arrives to celebrate Cosmonautics Day in his small homeland, in the Kuban. We are correspondents and the President of the Federation of Cosmonautics of the Kuban, Academician of the Russian Academy of Cosmonautics. K. Tsiolkovsky and the New York Academy of Sciences, a close friend of Anatoly Berezovoy and many other Soviet, Russian and foreign cosmonauts Enver Trakhov.

- The flight is not delayed. So everything is in order, - Enver Mahmudovich is outwardly calm, like a pilot before a flight. But then he turns around, and his face lights up with a smile:

- What people! Grigory Khaustov himself arrived.

For the Hero of the Soviet Union, a pilot, on whose account only 734 sorties (Egypt, Madagascar, Afghanistan passed), reserve colonel Khaustov, this meeting was also unexpected.

- I'm going to Moscow. And you, Enver, what are you doing at the airport? Do you meet Tolik?! I didn't even know he was coming. That's the way things are. I, too, will have time to see him, - Grigory Pavlovich rejoices and immediately becomes a little upset. - Eh, if I knew that I would meet a classmate, I would definitely capture “fifty”.

Both Berezovoy and Khaustov graduated from the legendary Kachinsky Flight School and have known each other for half a century. Meanwhile, the plane landed. If it were not for the friends of the high, in the literal sense, guest, then I would not have recognized the famous Kuban cosmonaut in a modest, short man with a military bearing.

- Hello. Thank you for meeting. Can I have a little talk with Grisha and Enver, and then we will go to the federation, and we will talk there, - Anatoly Nikolayevich smiles.

It seems that time has stopped for these people. Memories, stories about common acquaintances, plans for celebrating April 12th. Only an announcement for a flight to Moscow, which flew Grigory Khaustov, was able to interrupt the sincere conversation.

- Grisha wrote a report with a request to accept him into the cosmonaut corps. As he says, he indicated that he agreed to fly to the moon even without returning, if the Motherland needed to. But he didn’t pass because of his health, - Anatoly Berezovoy escorts his friend through the eyes. - In general, pilots do not share the sky - it is common to everyone.

– But astronauts are the elite. Is not it so? I wonder.

- The most, as they say today, the coolest are the testers. Their work is a constant risk. Without them, no flights into space are possible - Anatoly Berezovoy tactfully keeps silent about the fact that he himself is a test pilot.

The room in the House of Scientists, where the regional Federation of Cosmonautics is located, is a place where you can truly appreciate the contribution of the Kuban people to the exploration of the expanses of the Universe. Photographs, magazines, posters, stacks of folders of archival documents - a concentrated history.

Five cosmonauts were given to the world by our Kuban. How not to say about each separately! Indeed, even behind the mean lines of biographies, unique and heroic destinies are visible.

Of course, astronauts are our pride. But, as the conquerors of space themselves say, behind each flight is the work of thousands of people. They are not so famous, and sometimes completely unknown. But without them, there would be nothing. For example, how can one evaluate the contribution to space exploration by Yuri Kondratyuk? He was born at the end of the last century. He took a sip of grief in the First World War. Passed through the chaos of the revolution and the Civil War. All his life he was afraid that someone would find out about his rank of ensign of the tsarist army - then repressions could not be avoided. Yuri Vasilyevich ended up in the Kuban in the mid-1920s. Here he worked as a greaser and trailer for wagons, then worked at the elevator. But the hard life did not break Kondratyuk. Even without knowing about the works of Tsiolkovsky, he himself derived the basic equation of rocket motion, gave a diagram and description of a four-stage rocket on oxygen-hydrogen fuel. Several decades before the American specialists from MABA, he substantiated and calculated the energy profitability of landing on the Moon according to the scheme: flight to the Moon’s orbit - launch to the Moon from orbit - return to orbit and docking with the main ship - flight to Earth. What is worth at least the fact that after the flight to the moon, the American astronaut Neil Armstrong specially came to Novosibirsk and at the wall of the house where Yuri Kondratyuk lived and worked in recent years, he collected a handful of earth: “This land is no less valuable to me than lunar soil. When the war began, Yuri Kondratyuk volunteered for the front and on February 25, 1942, the village of Krivtsovo, Kaluga region, died.

The name of Nikolai CHERNYSHEV, a native of the village of Kazanskaya in the Caucasus region, is on a par with such great people as Korolev, Tikhonravov, Langemak, Galushko. Nikolai Chernyshev is considered one of the founders of rocket fuel chemistry. His life was spent in constant struggle, in which he proved the viability of his inventions. And there were repressions all around. Even a careless word, let alone a bold scientific decision, could cost researchers their lives. But, despite this, Chernyshev participated in the development of rockets for the Katyusha. Together with academician Mikhail Tikhonravov, objectionable to the authorities, he defended new approaches in rocket science, which were subsequently adopted. In the end, time put everything in its place. And those colleagues who called Nikolai Gavrilovich the chief chemist of astronautics turned out to be right.

“Without the flights of Grigory BAKHCHIVANDZHI, perhaps April 12, 1961 would not have happened,” these words of Yuri Gagarin are posted on the wall of a secondary school in the village of Brinkovskaya, Primorsko-Akhtarsky district. Grigory Yakovlevich is the first test pilot of the BI-1 rocket fighter. Few people know, but in just a month and a half, which Grigory Bakhchivandzhi managed to fight from the beginning of the war until the moment he was recalled to test new equipment, he managed to make 70 sorties and shoot down six enemy planes. This is at the beginning of the war, when fascist aces reigned supreme in the sky! On May 15, 1942, test pilot Bakhchivandzhi performed the first flight on a fighter with a liquid-propellant engine - a prototype of the one that launched Gagarin's spacecraft into orbit around our planet. Grigory Yakovlevich died on March 26, 1943, when, during a test flight, the car unexpectedly entered a dive and crashed into the ground.

Another of our fellow countrymen, test pilot Alexander SCHUKIN, died on August 18, 1988 during a test flight on the Su-26. Alexander Vladimirovich also dreamed of space. After graduating from the 60th school in Krasnodar, he entered the Kachin Aviation School. After serving in the army, where he mastered more than fifty types of aircraft, he became a test pilot. And in July 1977 he was enrolled in the special space training group under the Buran program. He lived only in the sky. Constantly participated in the testing of equipment designed for space flights, and was waiting for his finest hour. But that test flight on the Su-26 was fatal.

A native of Tikhoretsk, Dmitry KOZLOV is known as the lead designer of the famous R-7 rocket. To list all the achievements and awards of this person, you will need a special issue of our newspaper. We will limit ourselves to just a few titles that will speak for themselves: twice Hero of Socialist Labor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, former Head and General Designer of the Central Specialized Design Bureau, and so on.

- Interesting? Still would. Such people, such personalities are breathtaking. And who will say that the Kuban is not a space region? - Enver Trakhov interrupts my study of the history of the Kuban on a universal scale. - By the way, our fellow countrymen have already staked out places in space for a long time. There are craters named after Bakhchivandzhi and Kondratyuk on the Moon. True, they paid in full for a place in history. But the sky is worth it.

On April 12, Cosmonautics Day is celebrated all over the world. In the early morning of 1961, cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin set off to conquer the expanses of the universe. This day has entered the history of mankind forever. Pride still overwhelms all the inhabitants of a large country. But few people know that a real double of the famous cosmonaut lives in Timashevsk, and the flight itself simply would not have taken place without the Kuban scientist.

We sit at the helm of the ship and try space food

In Arkhipo-Osipovka there is a truly unique Museum of Cosmonautics. In one building, it was possible to collect more than a thousand exhibits, many of which soared in zero gravity just like their owner. Among them are real space rockets, space suits, in which the Russian conquerors of stellar distances made a spacewalk, their personal belongings.

Many Kuban people dream of going to surf the expanses of the Universe. In the museum, they have a unique opportunity to sit at the stereo complex of the virtual international space station. Here, anyone can try to dock the ship. Oh, this piece of jewelry.

Well, in order to fully get used to the role of astronauts, a machine with real space food in tubes was installed for visitors. Green cabbage soup, kharcho soup, meat puree, porridge - in general, a menu for every taste.

Arkhipo-Osipovka in the porthole

Flying over the Black Sea coast, cosmonauts often remember the sanatorium located in Arkhipo-Osipovka. The conquerors of the universe come here for many years to restore.

The history of the sanatorium began 100 years ago. The choice of a place for the construction of the building was carried out by the personal doctors of Nicholas II. And they found it - a health resort was built in a gorge surrounded by the sea and pine trees. Thanks to this, in people whose pressure constantly jumps, the condition normalizes.

And therefore, it is no coincidence that this sanatorium was chosen as a place for the rehabilitation of astronauts.

Natural conditions are ideal for restoring health functions, - says "KP" - Kuban " director of the health resort in Arkhipo-Osipovka Nikolai Mudretsov.- As a rule, the program takes from 28 to 38 days if the astronauts go abroad, but in our case the process is much faster - it happened that they start running after 18-20 days.

Now none of the conquerors of space rests in the sanatorium. But already at the end of 2018, Russian astronauts who return from a long business trip will receive vouchers to Arkhipo-Osipovka.

Sochi monkeys "pave" the way to Mars

Before Gagarin's famous flight, the influence of space travel was intensively studied at the Institute of Primatology, which is located in the village of Veseloye, Adler region. According to scientists, monkeys and humans have approximately the same radiosensitivity to the action of small doses of radiation and large ones, therefore, experiments were carried out on macaques.

Monkeys were always sent into space in pairs so that the animals experienced less stress. During the flight, macaques sat tied with straps. Only the hands were free.

Abrek and Bion were the first to launch into space in December 1983. After five days of flight, they landed in the Kustanai steppes and after rehabilitation returned to the flock.

Two years later, their fellow tribesmen Faithful and Proud flew into space - they stayed in weightlessness for seven days.

Drema and Erosha were the third to fly in 1987 - for two weeks. Upon his return, Drema was given as a gift to Cuban leader Fidel Castro.

Then there were three more two-week flights: in 1989 - Zhakonya and Zabiyaka, in 1992 - Ivash and Krosha, and in 1996 - Multik and Lapik.

Experiments are currently being carried out on Earth under conditions simulating weightlessness.

We are studying the reaction of macaques to the impact of space flight factors. Currently, four animals are involved in the program, in the near future eight more will join them. They also work on primates in Moscow at the Institute of Biomedical Problems, - said scientific director of the Research Institute of Medical Primatology in Adler Boris Lapin.

According to scientists, astronauts today fly in near-Earth orbit, which is protected by the Earth's electromagnetic field. And then - a huge ionizing radiation. So you need to carefully prepare for a trip, for example, to the Red Planet. Scientists need to know exactly what kind of protection the astronauts need, whether a special suit will be enough, or whether an expensive radiation-blocking apparatus will be required.

Flying Kuban apples

While we are enjoying ripe fruits, just picking them from a branch, somewhere far away in space, Kuban apples float in weightlessness. And it's not a joke. Since 2012, one of the agricultural enterprises of the region has been constantly supplying fruits directly to the "table" of astronauts. Yes, yes, straight to the station by the nearest cargo ship.

We have a special technology. Each apple is individually packed, placed in cells and immersed in special shipping boxes, ”says Yevgeny Olefir, head of the company’s department for storage and commodity processing of products of a large agricultural enterprise located in the Slavyansky district, tells KP-Kuban. - Then they go to the Biryulevsky Experimental Plant, where they prepare food for the astronauts. Part of the fruit is used to make jams, marshmallows, marmalade, and the rest is sent fresh into orbit.

Astronauts prefer green varieties of apples most of all - this is Renet Simirenko. By the way, they are rich in useful trace elements and absolutely hypoallergenic, so all astronauts on board can eat these apples without exception.

In total, over six years there were more than 35 deliveries - the astronauts were sent about one ton of fresh apples (up to 30 kilos are delivered at a time - Auth.).

Batteries ask for the sun

Kuban delivers not only apples to space. One of the Krasnodar plants produces solar panels and batteries that power satellites and ships.

Each product that appears at the enterprise is checked. To do this, use a special installation - a kind of imitator of solar lighting in orbit. With its help, in (!) 1 second, you can check the characteristics of the batteries.

Over the 54 years of its existence, the plant has equipped more than 1,200 satellites with solar and storage batteries.

constructor from god

Tikhoretsk land gave the country a great son - Dmitry Ilyich Kozlov. It was he who developed the R-7 intercontinental ballistic missile, which became the basis of the USSR space program. On the basis of the legendary "seven" later appeared "Soyuz", "Voskhod", "Lightning" and the very ship "Vostok" on which Yuri Gagarin flew into space,

On February 28, 1958, there was still no smell of rockets. There were only planes. And on December 31, two missiles were ready. And on February 17, 1959, one of these two missiles was launched. Here's how they used to work! - said Dmitry Kozlov.

By the way, shortly after his famous flight, Yuri Gagarin almost first went to the city of Kuibyshev, where he met with the people who built his ship. Dmitry Kozlov met Gagarin.

In 2001, an exposition dedicated to the twice Hero of Socialist Labor, the general designer of special space technology Kozlov, a designer from God, appeared in the Tikhoretsk Museum.

Yuri Gagarin's doppelgänger lives in Timashevsk

A year after the name of Yuri Gagarin thundered throughout the country, Alexander Kovalev went to the army. The Kuban guy was very similar to an astronaut - the same kind look, the same charming smile.

In the rocket school of communications, where he was sent to serve, soldiers immediately rushed to him.

Yuri Alekseevich, take it to your unit, - the young guys asked, not believing that they were communicating with the hero of the USSR.

Yes, what kind of astronaut I am, - the conscript blurred in a smile. - I am Alexander, my name is Kovalev, like you, I came to serve.

Half a century has passed since then - Alexander Petrovich celebrated his 73rd birthday.

Now he doesn’t look like him anymore, - Timashevets laughs. - I confess, I was always pleased when I was compared with Gagarin, although I never met him personally. True, I saw Yuri Alekseevich. From 1966 to 1968 I served in a military unit in Orenburg, and Gagarin often visited us. But then there was no opportunity to take pictures on the phone, because those moments remained only in memory.

Alexander Petrovich served in the army for 28 years, in 1991 he was transferred to the reserve with the rank of lieutenant colonel. For several years he was the chairman of the primary organization of veterans of the military service of the Timashevsk region. Now Alexander Kovalev spends more and more time at home with his family. My wife and I celebrated our golden wedding last year.

But I don't sit idle. Now I am looking for relatives of soldiers who went missing during the war. Many of them are my relatives, I really want to find their families and meet, - Alexander Kovalev shares.

Cosmonauts of Kuban

The significant contribution of the Kuban people to the history of the development of domestic cosmonautics is obvious today. Firstly, the life and work of many domestic scientists who worked in the field of rocket science are connected with the Kuban: N.G. Chernyshev, Kondratyuk, G.Ya. Bakhchivandzhi. They are recognized by the world community and craters on the far side of the Moon are named after them. Secondly, the cosmonauts V. Gorbatko, N. Berezovoy, V. Sevastyanov, G. Padalka and S. Treshchev are rightfully the sons of the Kuban.

In 2013, Gennady Padalka and Sergey Treshchev have a significant anniversary - they turn 55 years old.

Space hero of the Kuban - Gennady Ivanovich Padalka

Gennady Ivanovich was born on June 21, 1958 in Krasnodar in the Cossack village of Pashkovsky. The then Cossacks could not even think that after more than a hundred years, the son of a railway employee of Pashkovskaya, Gennady Padalka, would become an astronaut. And three times will visit space. And he will glorify Russia, the Kuban and his native Pashkovskaya.

Airplanes and the sky attracted the boy at a preschool age. The sky is in love. After school, he entered the Yeysk Higher Military Aviation School for Pilots. V.M. Komarov. Specialty - "Command-tactical fighter-bomber aviation." I studied well. In the second year, Gennady was allowed to fly alone. He began his military service as an Air Force pilot of the Group of Soviet Forces in Germany; then - senior pilot of the Air Force of the Far Eastern Military District. Young and purposeful, he mastered the L-29, MiG-15, MiG-17, Su-7B, Su-7BM, Su-24 in service. Total flying time - 1200 hours. Gennady has performed more than 300 parachute jumps.

High professional literacy, excellent physical training, and invaluable experience in flight service determined that in April 1989, Major Gennady Padalka was enrolled as a candidate for cosmonauts.

Stubborn preparations for space flight began. Two years later, by decision of the interdepartmental qualification commission, he was awarded the qualification "Test Cosmonaut".

The finest hour of Gennady Padalka has come. From August 13, 1998 to February 28, 1999, he made the 1st space flight as the commander of the main expedition to the Mir orbital complex and the Soyuz-TM-28 transport ship with Sergey Avdeev and Yuri Baturin. Twice went into outer space - more than six hours.

After returning, Gennady Ivanovich began to prepare for new flights. At the Cosmonaut Training Center. Yu. A. Gagarin was approved as the crew commander for the International Space Station along with American astronauts Michael Fink and Stephen Robinson.

From April 19 to November 24, 2004 - the second space flight of G. I. Padalka. He went out into open space four times! This Russian and world cosmonautics has not yet known.

And while in flight, G. I. Padalka followed the events in the country, in the Kuban. On October 14, 2004, a meeting of the IV World Congress of Kuban Cossacks was held in Krasnodar. Cossack of the Kuban Cossack army Gennady Padalka knew about this event.

At the most solemn moment, when Ataman V.P. Gromov was holding a reception of delegations in the Military Government, a mobile phone rang.

Gennady Ivanovich Padalka welcomed the guests and participants of the congress from space! Joy and pride for the fellow countryman - our stanitsa, the Cossack - embraced everyone.

In January 2005, Gennady Ivanovich visited the Military Government of the KKV. He told about the flight, about plans, about the fact that he intends to go to space again.

The plans came true. And this is already the third flight, and again an exit into space. None of the astronauts of the planet has been in space for so long!

Gennady Ivanovich by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation on April 5, 1999 was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation, "Cosmonaut". He was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree; Laureate of the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology.

Every time, visiting his small homeland, Gennady Ivanovich will definitely go to the schools where he studied. He will also meet with the Cossacks of the Pashkovsky Cossack Society.

He is our joy, our pride!

Our joy, our pride // Gromov V.P. My dear countrymen: touches to the portraits of Pashkovites. – Krasnodar, 2009. – P.119-121; Space Hero of the Kuban - Gennady Ivanovich Padalka / Prepared. Ya. Veselukha // Kuban and cosmonautics. - 2006. - No. 1. - P. 38-39.

Padalka Gennady Ivanovich // Kuban studies from A to Z: encyclopedia / ed. ed. V. N. Ratushniak. - Krasnodar, 2008. - S. 359.

Padalka G.I. (b. 21.6.1958, Krasnodar) - pilot-cosmonaut of the Russian Federation, Hero of the Russian Federation, laureate of the Prize of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology.

Strugova, M. Padalka Gennady Ivanovich // Great Kuban Encyclopedia. - 2005. - Vol. 1: Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary. - S. 229-230: phot.

Padalka Gennady Ivanovich was born on 06/21/1958 in Krasnodar. Pilot-cosmonaut of the Russian Federation, Hero of the Russian Federation (1999). Honorary citizen of Krasnodar.

Gromov, Vladimir Prokofievich. My dear countrymen: touches to the portraits of Pashkovites. - Krasnodar: Tradition, 2009. - 204 p. : ill. - To the 215th anniversary of Pashkovskaya. - From content. : Our joy, our pride: Gennady Ivanovich Padalka. - From 119-121.

Andreeva, I. Cosmos and Kuban: the stars are closer / photo. P. Yanel // Free Kuban. - 2008. - April 11. - S. 1.3.

About the Kuban people involved in astronautics: N. Chernyshev, Yu. Kondratyuk, V. Gorbatko, A. Berezov, V. Sevastyanov, G. Padalka, S. Treshchev.

Vakulin, G. And they do not dream of the roar of the cosmodrome ... // Kuban today. - 1998. - 28 Aug.

About the parents of cosmonaut G. I. Padalka, a native of the village of Pashkovskaya (Krasnodar).

Veselukha, Ya. The space hero of the Kuban - Gennady Ivanovich Padalka // Kuban and cosmonautics. - 2006. - No. 1. - S. 38 - 39: photo.

G. I. Padalka was born on June 21, 1958 in Krasnodar (Pashkovsky settlement). August 13, 1998 launched on the Soyuz TM - 28 spacecraft.

Vlasenko, A. Gennady Padalka: "I saw my home from space…" / A. Vlasenko // Kuban News. - 2005. - 29 Jan. - S. 1.3.

In the Krasnodar Regional Historical and Archaeological Museum, a press conference was held by the Russian cosmonaut G. Padalka, a native of the village. Pashkovsky.

Vlasenko, A. Our man in space // Kuban news. - 2009. - March 17. – P. 3.

Our compatriot G. Padalka was appointed commander of the expedition, for whom this flight to the Earth's orbit is the third in a row.

Volkova, I. Space is near: reach out // Free Kuban - 2011. - 8 April. – S. 1.

An exhibition of photographs by Gennady Padalka, a cosmonaut, an honorary citizen of Krasnodar, dedicated to the 50th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin's flight into space, has opened in the Krasnodar Exhibition Hall of Fine Arts.

Among them, Hero of Russia Gennady Padalka was born in the Krasnodar Territory on June 21, 1958. The fifth cosmonaut of the Kuban Sergey Treshchev was born on August 18, 1958 in the village. Krasny Kustar of the Lipetsk region, six years later his family moved to the village. Kholmsky, Abinsky district.

Dzhulaev, G. Gennady Padalka saw Krasnodar streets from space // Kuban News. - 1999. - November 16.

About the pilot-cosmonaut G. I. Padalka, a native of the village of Pashkovsky (Krasnodar).

Zelensky, Yu. V. Genealogy of the Kuban cosmonaut G. I. Padalka // Scientific legacy of the Soviet era: modern understanding. - Krasnodar, 2006. - S. 127-129.

Kuban cosmonauts // Kuban and cosmonautics. - 2006. - No. 1. - P. 83-84. - From content. : Padalka Gennady Ivanovich; Treshchev Sergey Evgenievich.

Space begins in the Kuban: our countrymen create rocket fuel, invent starships and fly into orbit / prepare. O. Panina // Krasnodar courier. - 2011. - April 11-17. - S. 24-25: photo.

About the cosmonauts: Viktor Gorbatko, Vitaly Sevastyanov, Gennady Padalka, Anatoly Berezov, Sergei Treschev.

Our space! // Arguments and Facts. - 2010. - May 12-18. – S. 1.

President of Russia D. Medvedev awarded G. Padalka, cosmonaut, Soyuz TMA-14 spacecraft commander, with the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, third degree.

On conferring the title "Honorary Citizen of the City of Krasnodar": the decision of Krasnodar. Gor. Duma No. 24, paragraph 5 of September 17, 1998 // Kuban News. - 1997. - May 7.

Padalka G. is an honorary citizen of Krasnodar.

Mutovin, I. I. Heavenly scout - Maykop: Adygea, 2004. - 228 p. - (Symbol of the twentieth century).

Material about G. Padalka is given.

Domestic cosmonauts: to the 40th anniversary of Yu. A. Gagarin's flight // Earth and the Universe. - 2001. - No. 5. - P. 70.

Incl. about G. I. Padalka - 89th cosmonaut, 381st astronaut of the world, was born in Krasnodar (settlement Pashkovsky).

Petlin, S. Earthly mother of a cosmic son // Free Kuban. - 2009. - April 10. - S. 1.4.

About the mother of our countryman cosmonaut Gennady Padalka - V.M. Padalka.

Russian Federation. President (B.N. Yeltsin). On the awarding of test cosmonaut G. I. Padalka: decree of 04/05/99 - 428) // Collection of legislation of the Russian Federation. - 1999. - No. 15. - S. 3431-3432.

Lieutenant colonel, test cosmonaut G. I. Padalka was awarded the title of Hero of the Russian Federation and the honorary title "Pilot-Cosmonaut of the Russian Federation".

Nazarova, E. Our countryman is preparing to save the "world" // Krasnodar news. - 2001. - 17 Jan. - S. 1.5.

About the Kuban cosmonaut G. I. Padalka.

Kuban and astronautics: [electronic resource] / KKUNB im. A.S. Pushkin. Local history department. - Krasnodar, . – 1 electronic optical disc (CD-ROM); 12 cm

Material about cosmonauts G. Padalka and S. Treshchev is given.

Space Hero of the Kuban– Treshchev Sergey Evgenievich

The fifth cosmonaut of the Kuban Sergey Treshchev was born on August 18, 1958 in the village. Krasny Kustar of the Volynsky district of the Lipetsk region. Six years later, his family moved to the village. Kholmsky, Abinsky district, Krasnodar Territory, where Sergey lived until the age of 17.

In 1976, he entered the Moscow Power Engineering Institute (MPEI), from which he successfully graduated in 1982 with a degree in engineering and teaching electrical power disciplines. Since 1984, he has been a foreman in power equipment at the Experimental Machine Building Plant (ZEM), which was part of NPO Energia. When the NPO announced the recruitment of astronauts, I decided to sign up. Treshchev was enrolled in the cosmonaut corps in 1992.

Sergey Treshchev made his first and only flight in June 2002 as a SoyuzTM flight engineer. On November 30, 2006, by order of the head of Roscosmos, pilot-cosmonaut Hero of the Russian Federation Sergei Treshchev was relieved of his post as a test cosmonaut of the 3rd class at his own request. After leaving the cosmonaut corps, he stayed to work at RSC Energia in the 291st department of the flight service of the corporation.

Galatsan, N. The only flight: [Sergey Treschev] // Krasnodar news. - 2011. - 10 Feb. - P. 6. - Under the title. : Five brave.

***

The return of Treschev's crew to Earth was scheduled for October, but the cosmonauts returned only on December 7, 2002. The reason for this was a malfunction in the shuttle, which they intended to send for the crew, discovered at the last moment. The flight home was then hampered by non-flying weather on Earth.

We offer you excerpts from the recordings of S. Treshchev on the international space station, sent by him to Taisiya Ivanovna Agapova, Doctor of Historical Sciences, member of the Federation of Cosmonautics of the Russian Federation.

Pages from a diary

Treshchev S., cosmonaut.

Dear Taisiya Ivanovna!

I am sending you an excerpt from my diary. I wrote all this, just because the descent was delayed and there was time for recording.

I wish Kuban success in all your good deeds.

Sincerely, S. Treshchev.

I would like to note that if you have a free minute, you are drawn to the porthole to see where we are flying, maybe something unusual to see, because there is black space all around and only on our blue planet the eye rests. It is difficult to convey that feeling, I don’t know what to call it, joy, delight, perhaps, looking at the passing turquoise-blue gloss of the earth.

No matter how much we wanted to see something supernatural, we didn’t see anything, only quite understandable phenomena such as:

Typhoon "Lily", in the Gulf of Mexico, because of which the Houston Control Center was evacuated;

Eruption of Mount Etna, on the island of Sicily;

Ring structures in Africa, Mauritania;

Blue jets, red ghosts (lightning);

Aurora;

icebergs;

Floods (Novorossiysk, India, Europe);

Dust storms (Aral, Egypt, Columbia);

Sunrise, sunset, moon;

Color-contrasting formation in the seas and oceans, glows in the Atlantic;

Night cities;

Oil stones (Caspian Sea);

Elbrus, Kazbek, Caucasus Mountains, Patagonia, Tien Shan, Pyrenees, Alps, Tibet, Sayans, Kamchatka, Volcanoes, Aswan;

Deforestation in Brazil, oases in the desert;

Salt lakes, fires;

Micrometeorite shower - 50 micrometers. in 15 minutes.

06.12.02. - 19.30 (GMT- Greenwich Mean Time). There was another, already the third, attempt to organize a descent, but again unsuccessfully, the weather was against us. Only the commander of the Shuttle, Jim Weatherby, managed to put on the spacesuit. I wore a centaur and an LCG. There was a phrase from the Earth - “Big picture” - they outlined, as I understand it, bad weather conditions - cloudiness - and they hung up.

We unpacked the boxes with the bike again - people are going to pedal, including me, but what to do, you need to keep in shape. She is lost in weightlessness quickly. It is worth one day not to work out, you feel that your endurance is not the same, you perceive the loads on the exercise bike and the treadmill in a different way - harder.

Yesterday I observed the ingenuity of the Shuttle Commander in using a simple rubber hose or tube to be used as a weight machine for both arms and legs, head, neck, back. "Lay down" to sleep in their places. The commander on the flight deck, the pilot on the ceiling of the middle deck, Valery across the seats - head to the "stove", Peggy, between the floor and ceiling, vertically at the bags with space suits, Michael Lopez-Alegria - at the dust collector - head to him, vertically along the lockers .

I - head to the hatch in the airlock, located on two cloth boxes, inside with something, like on a sofa horizontally.

Nearby - on the other two boxes at a distance of 40 cm from me, as they say "jack", John is located.

A decisive landing attempt is scheduled for tomorrow, either on the Kennedy Space Center strip, Florida, or in California.

Morning, light breakfast - commander, pilot, MS2 - on the upper deck. We prepared everything we needed on the middle deck, took a nap for half an hour - so you can judge that the atmosphere was more than calm. Then secured with sticky tape! floor cables. Peggy, Valery, M.L.A. - Dressed LCG. I decided to wait a little, as the "centaur" would pinch the legs, but I did not have to wait long, maybe half a turn, and I put on the "centaur" and LCG on it.

Put on spacesuits: commander, pilot, MC2, me, Valery, Peggy, Mike. "Lie down", settled down in chairs. Me, Valery, Peggy. Mike sat upright, strapping the last Peggy in, he should strap himself in. Fastening myself, I found that the camera no longer flies, but falls, but not yet much The overload has begun, and his helmet does not close, I feel nervous, the overload is growing, the helmet does not close. Peggy is trying to help, she is with him because she is fastened and does not reach ... Finally, the helmet snaps into place, we put on gloves faster - shaking - entering the dense layers ...

Strugova, M. Treshchev Sergey Evgenievich // Great Kuban Encyclopedia. - 2005. - Vol. 1: Biographical Encyclopedic Dictionary. - S. 311-312: photo.

Treshchev Sergei Evgenievich (18.8.1958, the village of Krasny Kustar, Lipetsk region) - test cosmonaut of the Russian Federation, Hero of the Russian Federation. He graduated from technical school - No. 78 in the village of Kholmsky, Abinsk region, specializing in electric welding. 5.6.2002-7.12.2002 made a space flight as a flight engineer of the STS-111 space crew as part of the 5th ISS Expedition // Kuban studies from A to Z: encyclopedia / ed. ed. V. N. Ratushniak. - Krasnodar, 2008. - S. 481.

Treshchev, S. Pages from the diary [from the International Space Station in December 2002] // Kuban and Cosmonautics. - 2006. - No. 1. P. 46-48.

Artyukhina, V. Cosmonaut Sergei Treschev left to conquer Moscow without being kissed / V. Artyukhina // Komsomolskaya Pravda. - 2004. - April 10. – P. 7: photo.

Sergey Treshchev was born on August 18. 1958 In the Kuban, in the village of Kholmskaya - since 1964

Galatsan, N. Five brave // Krasnodar news. - 2011. - 10 Feb. – P. 6.

The fifth cosmonaut of the Kuban Sergey Treshchev was born on August 18, 1958 in the village. Krasny Kustar of the Lipetsk region, six years later his family moved to the village. Kholmsky, Abinsky district.

Galatsan, N. Dreams about the cosmic abyss // Krasnodar news. - 2002. - June 28. – P. 6.

About the flight engineer SE Treshchev, a graduate of secondary school No. 15 of the village of Kholmskaya.

Kuban Sergey Treshchev // Krasnaya Street. - 2002. - June 24-30.

A graduate of school No. 15 of the village of Kholmskaya, S. Treshchev, joined the 5th space expedition, delivered by the American shuttle "Endever" to the international space station, in company with astronauts Peggy Whitson and Valery Korzun, he will be on duty for 4.5 months.

Russian Federation. President (D.A. Medvedev). On awarding the medal "For Merit in Space Exploration": Decree No. 436 dated April 12, 2011 // Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation. - 2011. - No. 16. - P. 5484-5486.

Incl. on awarding the Heroes of the Russian Federation, Pilot-Cosmonauts G.I. Padalki and S.E. Treschev.

Treshchev Sergey Evgenievich - pilot-cosmonaut, born on 08/18/1958 in the village. Red Handicraftsman of the Lipetsk region. Lives in the village of Khomsky, Abinsk district, since 1964.

Ushakov, A. Space Harvest of the Kuban // Krasnodar News. - 2006. - 24 November. – P. 8.

About the Kuban, whose names are associated with space: Including about S. E. Treshchev.

Shostak, P. The Days of the Kuban began at the International Space Station: Sergey Treshchev, living in the ISS, from the village. Kholmsky will be replaced by Gennady Padalka from Krasnodar // Komsomolskaya Pravda. - 2002. - June 19. - p. 5.

Prepared by G.E. Khlopatneva

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The significant contribution of the Kuban people to the history of the development of domestic cosmonautics is obvious today. The life and work of domestic scientists working in the field of rocket science and cosmonauts are connected with the Kuban.

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Nikolai Gavrilovich Chernyshev

1906-1953
Soviet chemist, rocket fuel developer, native of Art. Kazanskaya.
A crater on the Moon is named after him.

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Grigory Yakovlevich Bakhchivandzhi

1909- 1943
Tester of the first aircraft with a jet engine, a native of Art. Brinkovskaya.
The hero of the USSR.
A crater on the far side of the Moon is named after him.

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Viktor Vasilievich Gorbatko

Born in the village of Venets-Zarya, Gulkevichsky District, in 1934.
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Mongolian People's Republic, Hero of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Honorary citizen of 11 cities of the world (including Krasnodar and Armavir).

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21st cosmonaut of the USSR/Russia. Number of flights - 3.
Flight duration - 30 days 12 hours 48 minutes 21 seconds.
Pilot-cosmonaut 1st class.

Slide 7

Vitaly Ivanovich Sevastyanov

Born in 1935 in the Sverdlovsk region. From the age of 10 he lived in Sochi, graduated from Sochi school No. 9 with a gold medal.
Twice Hero of the Soviet Union.
Honorary citizen of 11 cities of the world (including Sochi).

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22nd cosmonaut of the USSR / Russia
Made 2 flights into space.
For two flights into space, he flew 80 days 16 hours 19 minutes 3 seconds.
Test cosmonaut 2nd class.

Slide 9

Anatoly Nikolaevich Berezovoy

Was born in 1942. in the village of Enem in the Oktyabrsky district of the Adygei Autonomous Region.
51st cosmonaut of the USSR / Russia.
Made 1 flight into space lasting 211 days.
Made a spacewalk lasting 2 hours 33 minutes.

Slide 10

The hero of the USSR.
He was awarded the Order of the Officer of the Legion of Honor (France), the Order of the "Sun of Liberty" (Afghanistan), as well as the highest award of India - the Order of "Kirti Chakra".
Pilot-cosmonaut 2nd class.

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