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akhtyrka sumska region, akhtyrka akhtyrka
(Ukrainian Okhtirka) - city, Akhtyrsky city council, Sumy region, Ukraine. KOATUU code is 5910200000. The population according to the 2001 census was 49,721 people.

It is the administrative center of the Akhtyrsky District (of which the city is not included) and the Akhtyrsky City Council, which also includes the villages of Velikoye Ozero, Zaluzhany, Kozyatin and Pristan.

• 1 Geographical location
• 2 History
  • 2.1 Origin of the name
  • 2.2 How Okhtyrka appeared
  • 2.3 First census
  • 2.4 Regimental city
  • 2.5 Akhtyrskaya fortress
  • 2.6 Visit of Peter the Great
  • 2.7 Tobacco manufactory
  • 2.8 Russian Empire
  • 2.9 Hussar Regiment
  • 2.10 Russian Civil War
  • 2.11 Soviet period
• 3 Population
• 4 Symbolism
• 5 Notable natives and residents
• 6 Economics
  • 6.1 Transport
• 7 Social sphere
• 8 Sports
• 9 Attractions
• 10 See also
• 11 Notes
• 12 Literature
• 13 Links

Geographical position

The city of Akhtyrka is located on the banks of the Akhtyrka River, which flows into the Vorskla River after 1.5 km.

The Gusinka and Krinichnaya rivers flow through the city. The city is adjacent to forest areas (pine).

Story

origin of name

Translated from Turkic languages, the name of the city means “White Yar” - this place used to be a large wasteland. According to another version, the city is named after the Akhtyrka River, which translates as “still water.”

In local history literature, a myth has been preserved about the exclamation of Catherine the Second: “Oh, tyrka!” when she was riding in a carriage while traveling to the Crimea and a ring slipped off her finger and fell into a hole in the floor. Catherine was German, hence the pronunciation.

How Okhtyrka appeared

The city arose on the site of the ancient Russian settlement of Novgorod-Seversky principality, destroyed during the Tatar-Mongol invasion. The name comes from the small river of the same name, on which the settlement is located. The fortress served as a defense point for the borders of North-Eastern Rus' from the raids of nomadic slave traders and steppe peoples.

Modern history dates back to the construction of the Belgorod Line. In 1640, the Russian fortress (ostrog) Volnov of the Belgorod abatis line was built near the border with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Immediately, the Poles began to build a fortified Akhtyrka as a counterweight, but on the Russian side of the border (on the left bank of the Vorskla).

The first written mention of Akhtyrka (in Russian sources) dates back to September 1641. Its construction took place under the leadership of the constable of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth Kulchevsky. The first constable of Akhtyrka was Yakubovsky.

After the Russian-Polish Peace of Polyanovo in 1634, an agreement was signed on the delimitation of lands between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Muscovite kingdom. The demarcation took place in 1635-1648 (before the Khmelnytsky uprising). According to this agreement, Okhtyrka was built on the territory of the Moscow kingdom. After several years of litigation, Adam Kisel officially handed over Akhtyrka to Russia in 1647, a year before the Khmelnytsky uprising. The Poles, leaving, destroyed the Akhtyrskaya fortress and took its inhabitants away from there.

Akhtyrka was rebuilt by Cossacks and peasants - former subjects of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, who moved from Right Bank Ukraine to Slobozhanshchina.

First census

It was carried out in 1655 by the Akhtyrsky governor Trofim Khrushchev. According to the census results, 1,339 people lived in the city.

Regimental city

In the middle of the 17th century, on the border of the Moscow kingdom - Slobozhanshchina, four Sloboda Cossack regiments were formed. They were formed from settlers from Right Bank Ukraine. The duties of the settlers (referred to in documents as Cherkassy and/or Ruthenians) were charged with guarding the borders of the Moscow State. Akhtyrka became one of the regimental cities (Akhtyrsky Sloboda Cossack Regiment), along with Kharkov, Sumy, Ostrogozhsk. The territory subordinate to the Akhtyrsky regiment included parts of modern Kharkov, Sumy, Poltava and Belgorod regions.

As a regimental town, it remained in this status until 1765, when, as the Akhtyrka province, it became part of the newly formed Sloboda-Ukrainian province. At that time, Akhtyrka was the largest and most populated city in Slobozhanshchina.

Akhtyrskaya fortress

Okhtyrka, like all the cities of Sloboda Ukraine, had a chaotic development. The core of the city was a fortress that occupied a strategically dominant place, and around it scattered, fitting into the terrain, crooked streets with residential estate buildings, which were located randomly, without a certain regular order.

The Akhtyrka fortress was located on the bank of the small Akhtyrka River, where it makes a loop, forming a natural defense. In addition to the river, the fortress was surrounded by numerous lakes, complicating the approaches to it.

The fortress had the shape of an irregular quadrangle and occupied the territory of the current city center, from the river to the square where the Intercession Cathedral is now located (the cathedral building is located outside the fortress). It was surrounded by a wooden fence with five stone and fifteen wooden towers, two bastions. The gates at the exits from the fortress had drawbridges. A moat was dug around the fortress and an earthen rampart with caponiers at the corners was poured. Water filled the fortress moat, giving the fortress an island position, strengthening its defensive ability.

City plan 1787

Intercession Cathedral

Church of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary into the Temple

In 1703, Akhtyrka was given the status of a city.

Visit of Peter the Great

At the beginning of the 18th century, soldiers of the Akhtyrsky Regiment took an active part in the Northern War for the return of Russian lands captured by the Swedes and access to the Baltic Sea. On December 26, 1707, Peter the Great himself arrived in Akhtyrka to personally check the combat readiness of the garrison and hold a military council.

Tobacco manufactory

In 1718, the first tobacco factory in Russia was opened in Akhtyrka, to which several villages (944 peasant households) were assigned, but it turned out to be unprofitable. And in 1727, the treasury sold the enterprise to private individuals. A plantation (about 50 acres) was allocated for tobacco manufacturing, from which 7 thousand pounds of tobacco were harvested.

In the Russian Empire

From October 20 (Old Style) 1721 to September 1 (Old Style) 1917 as part of the Russian Empire.

Hussar Regiment

The Akhtyrsky Hussar Regiment played an important role in the fight against Napoleon's troops during the Patriotic War of 1812. He took part in the battles of Smolensk, Vyazma, Borodin. For its military merits, the regiment was awarded the honor of opening the parade of winners when the Allied forces entered Paris. One of the leaders of the partisan movement during the Patriotic War of 1812, the Russian poet D.V. Davydov, and the Russian composer A.A. Alyabyev served in this regiment. In 1823, the regiment was commanded by the future Decembrist A. Z. Muravyov. The Russian poet M. Yu. Lermontov served in the Akhtyrsky Hussar Regiment.

Russian Civil War

From September 1 (old style) to October 25 (old style) 1917 as part of the Russian Republic. Then the Civil War began.

From April 29 to December 14, 1918, during the Russian Civil War of 1918-1923, as part of the Ukrainian state, an independent state in Eastern Europe.

Since December 1922, as part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.

On October 15, 1941, Soviet authorities and troops left the city, which was occupied by German troops.

On February 23, 1943, he was liberated from Nazi German troops by Soviet troops of the Voronezh Front during the Kharkov offensive operation of February 2-3, 1943:

• 40th Army consisting of: 5th Guards. tank corps (major general t/v Kravchenko, Andrei Grigorievich) consisting of: 21st Guards. TBR (Colonel Ovcharenko, Kuzma Ivanovich), 6th Guards. motorized rifle brigade (Colonel Shchekal, Alexander Mikhailovich); 309th Rifle Division (Major General Menshikov, Mikhail Ivanovich), units of the 340th Infantry Division (Major General Martirosyan, Sarkis Sogomonovich).

On August 25, 1943, he was liberated from Nazi German troops by Soviet troops of the Voronezh Front during the offensive in the Mirgorod direction in the Poltava region in 2014:

• 27th Army consisting of: 147th Infantry Division (Major General Yakimov, Mikhail Petrovich), 155th Infantry Division (Colonel Kaprov, Ilya Vasilyevich), 166th Infantry Division (Colonel Svetlyakov, Anisim Illarionovich); 93rd Tank Brigade (Lieutenant Colonel Doropei, Sergei Klementievich), 39th Det. tank regiment (Lieutenant Colonel Pushkarev, Sergei Filippovich), 1832nd heavy self-propelled artillery regiment (Lieutenant Colonel Kharitonov, Stepan Grigorievich); 17th breakthrough artillery division (Major General Art. Volkenstein, Sergei Sergeevich) consisting of: part of the forces of the 39th cannon artillery brigade (Colonel Rakovich, Stanislav Vladislavovich), part of the forces of the 108th high-power howitzer artillery brigade (Colonel Reutov, Vladimir Dmitrievich) , part of the forces of the 22nd mortar brigade (Colonel Irineev, Iriney Petrovich).
• 2nd Air Army consisting of: 208th Night Short-Range Bomber Air Division (Colonel Yuzeev, Leonid Nikolaevich).

Population

Until the very end of the 18th century, the population of Akhtyrka exceeded the population of Kharkov and Sumy. During the formation of the Sloboda-Ukrainian province (1785), it was the most populated city in the Slobozhanshchina, with 12,849 people living in it. For comparison: the provincial city of Kharkov had 10,885 inhabitants.

Population change:

• 1785 - 12,849 people (6291 m, 6558 women);
• 1837 - 14 205;
• 1867 - 17,411 people;
• 1897 - about 23 thousand people (Ukrainians - 87%, Russians - 11%)
• 1900 - 25,965 people;
• 2001 - 49,721 people.

Symbolism

On September 21, 1781, the Russian Empress Catherine the Second (together with the rest of the cities of the province) approved the city’s coat of arms: “in a blue field there is a golden cross with a radiance from above, and depicting the celebrity of this city due to the great number of pilgrims.”

Coat of arms of the city with official description, 1781

The original coat of arms on the city map of 1787

Coats of arms of the district cities of the Kharkov governorship in 1787

Notable natives and residents

• Antonenko-Davydovich, Boris - Soviet and Ukrainian writer.
• Bagryany, Ivan Pavlovich (1907-1963) - writer.
• Batyuk, Nikolai Filippovich - Soviet military leader, one of the heroes of the defense of Stalingrad.
• Belinnik, Pyotr Sergeevich (1906-1998) - opera singer, People's Artist of the USSR (1954).
• Berest, Alexey Prokopyevich - Soviet officer, participant in the Great Patriotic War.
• Borodaevsky, Sergei Vasilievich - economist.
• Glovatskaya, Ekaterina Ivanovna (1921-2001) - Ukrainian Soviet writer and translator.
• Grabovsky, Pavel Arsenievich - Ukrainian poet, translator, participant in the revolutionary movement.
• Gurevich, Mikhail Iosifovich - Soviet aircraft designer, studied at the Akhtyrka gymnasium.
• Dovgopolyuk, Matvey Lukich (1893-1944) - poet and prose writer, teacher.
• Ermak, Oleg Vasilyevich - football player of Neftyanik-Ukrnafta (Okhtyrka), player of the Ukrainian youth football team (U19)
• Zerov, Nikolai Konstantinovich - Ukrainian literary critic, poet - master of sonnets.
• Kolesnikov, Ivan Mikhailovich (1905-1975) - Soviet military leader, Major General of Tank Forces (1945).
• Mykola Khvylevy - Ukrainian Soviet writer.
• Ledenev, Pyotr Petrovich - Hero of the Soviet Union.
• Ostap Vishnya is a Soviet Ukrainian writer, humorist and satirist.
• Rudinsky, Mikhail Yakovlevich - Soviet archaeologist, Doctor of Historical Sciences.
• Svetlichnaya, Svetlana Afanasyevna - Soviet and Russian theater and film actress, Honored Artist of the RSFSR (1974).
• Chefranov, Georgy Vasilievich - Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of TRTI.
• Yaroslavsky, Pyotr Antonovich - architect.
• Voronko, Platon Nikitovich - Soviet poet, laureate of the Stalin Prize of the third degree

Economy

• NGDU "Akhtyrkanaftogaz"
• OJSC "Naftoprommash"
• OJSC "Akhtyrselmash"
• OJSC "Akhtyrskaya Sewing Factory".
• OJSC "Akhtyrsky Brewery".
• OJSC "Akhtyrsky Bread Factory"
• Branch "Akhtyrsky cheese plant" of private enterprise "Ros".

Transport

Highways pass through the city N-12, T-1706, R-46 and the railway, Okhtyrka station. The distance from the regional center to Akhtyrka is 80 km.

Social sphere

• Kindergartens.
• 10 secondary schools.
• Stadium.
• 14 sports grounds.
• Youth Sports School
• Children's music school.
• Children's art school.
• City Museum of Local Lore.
• City center of culture and recreation.
• Central regional hospital.

One of the first photographs of the city of Akhtyrka. On the right to the Intercession Cathedral is the street. Oktyabrskaya (in the modern street layout).

Sport

Football is actively developing in the city. The city is represented by the Neftyanik-Ukrneft football club, which is a member of the Ukrainian 1st League.

Attractions

• Intercession Cathedral (1753-62) - the former location of the Akhtyrka Icon of the Mother of God, a rare monument of Elizabethan Baroque in eastern Ukraine, the project is attributed to D. Ukhtomsky
• The ensemble of the cathedral also includes the Vvedenskaya (1783) and Nativity of Christ (1825) churches in the style of classicism
• Mass grave of Soviet soldiers.

see also

• Akhtyrskaya Icon of the Mother of God
• Akhtyrsky 12th Hussar Regiment
• Akhtyrsky Sloboda Cossack Regiment
• Administrative-territorial entities with the center in Akhtyrka
• Neftyanik (stadium, Okhtyrka)

Notes

1. Main Department of Statistics in the Sumy region, Population as of May 1, 2012 (Ukrainian)
2. Gorodetskaya I. L., Levashov E. A. Russian names of residents: Dictionary-reference book. - M.: AST, 2003. - 363 p. - ISBN 5-17-016914-0. - P. 36.
3. Website of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine.
4. From a letter (1654) from the Oleshnyansky governor to Moscow, “The Cherkasy people made a new fort, Akhtyrsky, in our protected forest on the Akhtyrka River.”
5. 1 2 3 Directory "Liberation of Cities: A Guide to the Liberation of Cities during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." M. L. Dudarenko, Yu. G. Perechnev, V. T. Eliseev and others. M.: Voenizdat, 1985. 598 p. http://gigabaza.ru/doc/76524-pall.html
6. Red Army website. http://rkka.ru.
7. Descriptions of the Kharkov governorship of the late 18th century. Descriptive-static sources. - K.: Naukova Dumka, 1991. ISBN 5-12-002041-0 (Ukrainian)
8. The first general census of the Russian Empire in 1897

Literature

• “A statement of exactly which cities and districts the Kharkov governorship was compiled and how many souls there were in them in 1779.” - K.: Naukova Dumka, 1991. ISBN 5-12-002041-0
• "Description of the cities of the Kharkov governorship." 1796 - K.: Naukova Dumka, 1991. ISBN 5-12-002041-0
• “Description of the city of Akhtyrka with the district.” 1780 - K.: Naukova Dumka, 1991. ISBN 5-12-002041-0
• Red Banner Kyiv. Essays on the history of the Red Banner Kyiv Military District (1919-1979). Second edition, corrected and expanded. Kyiv, publishing house of political literature of Ukraine, 1979.
• Military encyclopedic dictionary. M., Military Publishing House, 1984.
• Directory "Liberation of Cities: A Guide to the Liberation of Cities during the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945." M. L. Dudarenko, Yu. G. Perechnev, V. T. Eliseev and others. M.: Voenizdat, 1985. 598 p.
• The Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. Publishing house "Science". M., 1976.

Links

• Okhtyrka // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron: in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - St. Petersburg, 1890-1907.
• Electronic city map
• Directory "Liberation of cities: Directory on the liberation of cities during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" / M. L. Dudarenko, Yu. G. Perechnev, V. T. Eliseev and others. M.: Voenizdat, 1985. 598 p.
• Red Army website.
• Website of the Mechanized Corps of the Red Army.
• Website of the Cavalry Corps of the Red Army.
• Pocket atlas of the USSR 1939. Main Directorate of Geodesy and Cartography under the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR. LENINGRAD 1939.
• Website http://Soldat.ru.

Sumy region
Districts	Akhtyrsky Belopolsky Burynsky Velikopisarevsky Glukhovsky Konotopsky Krasnopolsky Krolevetsky Lebedinsky Lipovodolinsky Nedrigailovsky Putivlsky Romensky Seredino-Budsky Sumy Trostyanetsky Shostkinsky Yampolsky
Cities	1 Belopole2 Buryn2 Vorozhba2 Glukhov1 Druzhba2 Konotop1 Krolevets2 Lebedin1 Putivl2 Romny1 Seredina-Buda2 Sumy 1 Trostyanets2 Shostka1
town	Velikaya Pisarevka Voronezh Dubovyazovka Zhovtnevoe Znob-Novgorodskoe Kirikovka Krasnopolye Linden Valley Nedrigailov Bottoms Svessa Stepanovka Terny Ugroedy Ulyanovka Khoten Chervonoye Chupakhovka Shalygino Yampol
Notes: 1 city of regional significance; 2city of district significance

Akhtyrka Akhtyrka, Akhtyrka map, Akhtyrka cinema, Akhtyrka on the map, Akhtyrka flood, Akhtyrka news, Akhtyrka weather, Akhtyrka portal, Akhtyrka Sumy region, Akhtyrka cheese factory

Okhtyrka Information About

The small Ukrainian city of Akhtyrka, part of the Sumy region, is located on the banks of the river of the same name, which flows into the Vorskla River after one and a half kilometers. Akhtyrka is the administrative center of the Akhtyrsky district, but it is not part of it or the Akhtyrsky City Council, which, in addition to it, also includes a number of villages.

The Gusinka and Krinichnaya rivers flow through the city, and the settlement itself is surrounded by forests. Okhtyrka is located in the extreme southern part of the Sumy region and has a temperate climate. Thanks to the picturesque nature, the surrounding area of ​​the city is replete with many holiday homes and cozy resort towns.

As of 2001, the population of Akhtyrka numbered about 50 thousand people.

The history of the town dates back to the times of Ukrainian Cossacks and peasants who migrated from Right Bank Ukraine and founded Okhtyrka on the site where an Old Slavic settlement had previously been located. Akhtyrka was first mentioned in writing in 1641, when it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

After 6 years, the city went to Russia.

In the period 1655-1658. Here the Akhtyrsky Slobodsk Cossack regiment was formed, administratively subordinate to the Belgorod governor. At that time, a regiment was considered not only a military unit, but also the administrative-territorial unit itself in which the regiment was formed and maintained.

After 10 years, by royal decree, Cossack self-government in Slobozhanshchina was liquidated, and Okhtyrka received the status of a county town in the Kharkov province. In 1923, the district was abolished, and the city became the center of the district, and 2 years later - the regional center within the Kharkov district of the capital at that time. In 1932, the Akhtyrsky district became part of the Kharkov region, and after another 7 years, it joined the newly formed Sumy region. The settlement became a city of regional significance in 1975.

First of all, Okhtyrka is known as the oil capital of Ukraine and the largest center of the country's gas production industry. Oil production is the most important sector of the city's economy. However, the map of Okhtyrka also points to interesting attractions here.

The main decoration of the city and its main Orthodox church is, built from 1753 to 1768. Nowadays it is included in the list of historical and architectural monuments of Ukraine that are of national importance.

Made in the Baroque style, the building is built of brick and has a tripartite plan. The interior is decorated with pilasters, modeling and paintings. Having been destroyed during the Great Patriotic War, the cathedral was restored in 1970-1972. It is noteworthy that the structure seems unique in its volumetric-spatial design - it has no analogues in Ukrainian Baroque architecture.

In addition, the ensemble of the cathedral described above includes and. Thus, the church-bell tower, as well as the temple, is made in the Baroque style and has notes of classicism. It consists of three tiers, the first of which houses the church, while the upper two are intended for bells.

The Church of the Nativity, in turn, looks more like a palace than a religious building. It has a unique volumetric-spatial and decorative solution.

The next distinctive structure of a spiritual nature is the majestic one, also called the Yuryevskaya Church. It has a long history - from the time when in the 1660s. The first St. George's Church was erected. Over the years, it fell into disrepair and was reconstructed several times, however, in 1860, it was decided to build a new one in its place. Construction lasted no less than 45 years. Consecrated in 1905, the temple did not function for long, since in 1920 it was closed and partially looted by the Bolsheviks. Only in 1933 the church was transferred to the community of the Ukrainian Orthodox Church.

In addition to religious objects, there is also a traditional one in Akhtyrka, which occupies an ancient two-story building in the very center of the city - previously there was a private mansion here. Where else, if not to the museum, should inquisitive travelers who want to learn the history of a particular settlement in detail go? So here, in the Akhtyrsky Museum, antiques, photographs and books on historical topics are displayed. In addition, it also contains personal belongings of the fellow countryman I. Bagryany. Everyone can take advantage of a separate service - a tour conducted by museum staff both around the city itself and its surroundings.

You can enjoy the most beautiful views, and, in addition, see another Akhtyrka attraction, by heading north-west of the city. It is there, on a mountain covered with greenery, that one of the oldest in all of Ukraine flaunts!

The location occupied by the monastery is striking in its beauty, and the delightful landscape is complemented by the Vorskla River, which seems to wrap around the base of this mountain in a circle.

The final part of the trip around Akhtyrka can be a pleasant trip to, located on the territory of Velikopisarivsky, Akhtyrsky and Trostyanetsky districts of the Sumy region. The park is designed to preserve, recreate and rationally use typical and unique natural complexes of the Left Bank forest-steppe. Among them are the floodplains of the Vorskla River, which are of utmost importance in many areas.

The basis of the reserve is the Litovsky Bor tract and the Bakirovsky hydrological reserve. The park is divided into zones: there is a reserve, in which any interference with nature is prohibited, and a recreational zone, intended for people to relax.

Okhtyrka is a cute town bordered by an active oil industry and amazing architectural structures living their leisurely lives. The overall image of the city is crowned by wonderful nature and local rivers, giving coolness and vigor.

Wiki: ru:Okhtyrka en:Okhtyrka uk:Okhtyrka de:Okhtyrka

Okhtyrka in the Sumy region (Ukraine), description and map linked together. After all, We are places on the world map. Explore more, find more. Located 59.5 km south of Sumy. Find interesting places around, with photos and reviews. Check out our interactive map with places around you, get more detailed information, get to know the world better.

There are 3 editions in total, the last one was made 3 years ago by mucha from Pushkino

The spiritual and architectural pearl of the city is the Intercession Cathedral of 1753-1762.
The temple was built by order of Queen Elizabeth in honor of the discovery of the Akhtyrka Miracle-Working Icon
Mother of God. At first it was believed that the author of the project was V.V. Rastrelli (or at least
his workshop), now, allegedly, there is evidence that the cathedral was built with the participation of the architect
D.V. Ukhtomsky. Many, including myself, are inclined to think that it was built after all
participation of the workshop of V.V. Rastrelli, since the design of the temple has the autograph of one of the architects,
who was working with him at the time. The contractors just changed the project (it seems to me they simplified it)
and the original project has practically not survived. The work was supervised by architect S. Dudinsky.

Next to the Cathedral is the Vvedenskaya Church, 1783. (aka the bell tower of the Intercession Cathedral).
The first tier contains the church, the rest are for bells. Architect P.A. Yaroslavsky
It used to be decorated with beautiful stucco moldings; I remember the remains of it when the church was still in Soviet times.
spent time in the forests. But then they just terribly plastered it in order to preserve at least the brick
masonry The church is crowned with a gilded statue of St. Andrew the First-Called.

On the other side of the cathedral is the Church of the Nativity, 1825. It is also called Grafskaya.
The church was built at the expense of Countess Anna Rodionovna Chernysheva. In 1748 her mother,
widow Baroness Elizaveta Bogdanovna Von-Weidel, née Passek, Orthodox and pious,
On the way to St. Petersburg she became very ill in Akhtyrka. Concerned about the fate of her young children, she
I prayed earnestly in the temple in front of the miraculous icon for healing. God's God appeared to her in a dream
The mother (it was May 2) announced that in 5 days the woman would leave earthly life, and therefore
must prepare for death and give away her property to the poor. The patient reminded the Mother of God about
children (two little girls), whom she must leave in their infancy without food.
The answer to this was: “Don’t worry about your children, I will be their guardian.”
And the order was repeated - to distribute the property so that prayers could be performed. The patient announced
seen by her confessor and other persons, and after 5 days she actually died. Soon both
her young daughters were unexpectedly demanded to the highest court. There they got
education and were subsequently given in marriage: one to Count Chernyshev, the other to
for Count Panin. Both countesses until their death, preserving reverent memories of
the wonderful arrangement of their fate, they made large donations for the Intercession Church.
Countess Anna Rodionovna Chernysheva built a stone church near the Church of the Intercession in
honor of the Nativity of Christ with living rooms, where she later often lived and where she wanted
spend your last days. In this church there were three very valuable Spanish paintings
painter Murillier, in the 19th century they went to Moscow for restoration and did not return. After
After closing in the 60s, the church was looted. There was a bus station and a weighing workshop here,
and they baked pita bread. And now there is only enough money for a leak-free roof.

Not far from the cathedral complex of the kalychka, on the place where the Akhtyrskaya Miraculous Icon appeared
Mother of God. By the way, one of its features is that the Mother of God is depicted on it with
bareheaded. The icon is still revered in the world.

Church of the Transfiguration, 1907. Architect V. Nemkin. Previously there was also
bell tower, directly above the entrance. But she suffered greatly during the shelling of the Second World War,
and after the war its remains were dismantled. Now the church is slowly being restored.

In the north of the city there is the Church of the Archangel Michael, 1884. Architect unknown. The temple is operational.

Church of St. George the Victorious (in the city it is also called Yuryevskaya Church). Architect V. Pokrovsky, about whom I will write in more detail a little further. The temple took a long time to build. Consecrated in 1905. For a long time there was a warehouse in it,
and in the 90s the temple was handed over to parishioners.

Nearby there is a small bell tower.

The Church of the Great Martyr Paraskeva Pyatnitsa in Bakirovka was founded in 1685. For my long
history has gone through more than one restoration and reconstruction (1712, 1801, 1864, 1901, 1903). Played
important role in the social life of the village. Until 1920, the church kept a register of births,
records of which are now even in the collections of the world-famous Family History Library (Salt Lake
City, USA). The Pyatnitskaya Church, which has survived to this day, was built at the end of the 19th century (according to
reference book “Monuments of urban planning and architecture of the Ukrainian SSR [PGA, vol. 4, p. 17-18]:”),
according to other sources (Filaret (Gumilevsky D.G.). Historical and statistical description of Kharkov
diocese) in 1903. Wooden, on a brick base, plastered inside, cross-shaped in plan,
five-frame, single-domed, with a bell tower attached to the west and rooms on the sides. Transition
from the quadrangle of the central frame to the octagon covered with a high tent with a bulbous dome, with
the help of sails. One of the features of the monument is the pentagonal windows in the main volume and
rectangular tricuspid in each of the faces of the octagon. The high two-tier bell tower resembles
northern Russian tented churches.
The temple was built according to the design of Vladimir Nikolaevich Pokrovsky, diocesan architect
Warsaw-Kholm and Kharkov dioceses. He is also the architect of the Church of St. George the Victorious. For my
In his life he built more than 60 churches, for which he was awarded high awards from Emperor Nicholas II:
Order "St. Anna" III, "St. Stanislav" II and III degrees, silver medal in memory of the reign
Emperor Alexander III, as well as a precious ring from the hands of the sovereign himself. Wooden temples
V.N. Pokrovsky are completely unique in their architecture. With the same type of planning
decision, each of his wooden churches differed in details and at first glance they seemed
similar, but upon closer examination it is clear that each of them has its own uniqueness
and uniqueness.
The Pyatnitskaya Church in Bakirovka is the only wooden creation of the architect that has survived to this day.
In 1989, the church was closed due to its disrepair. Collapsed dome, missing glass and
numerous details, the floor rotting and collapsing into the basement - in such a sad state
there is now a church. Today, the residents of the village of Bakirovka and the rector have a huge
the desire to restore it to its original form.
Church address:
Church of the Great Martyr Paraskeva Pyatnitsa
st. Embankment 99
With. Bucking
Akhtyrsky district
Sumy region
Ukraine
42742
(for correspondence: Vadim Batyuk (Pyatnitskaya Church), Frunze str. 4, Akhtyrka, Sumy region, Ukraine, 42700)
Rector of the Church of the Great Martyr Paraskeva Friday: Priest Vadim Batyuk

Funds can be transferred using the following details (please indicate the details clearly
in the sender line, to mention you in prayer and a special commemorative publication that
planned to be released after the church revival is completed):

Back in the 1980s the church looked like this

May trip to the northeast (part 7)

Okhtyrka turned out to be an endlessly “long” city, lying slightly to the side of the main road. Or rather, its outskirts looked less like a city and more like a thriving, prosperous village, built up with two-story, good-quality houses; however, it is still a city and a rather large one - about 50 thousand inhabitants, and its center, which we came to later, turned out to be quite urban. From afar we saw a red brick church with funny spherical domes, a lanky bell tower rising above the low buildings - this is the Church of St. Michael.

But there is still no turn off the highway. Finally we turned into the center, left the industrial area behind and entered the main street. An ordinary modern city, although clearly provincial, and, characteristically, not a single hussar!

The history of Akhtyrka began somewhat earlier than the creation of the famous hussar regiment, although the city clearly cannot be called ancient. The first mention occurs in 1641, when the local lands still belonged to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Peace of Polyanovsky, concluded between the Russians and the Poles in 1634, an agreement was signed on the delimitation of lands, which then took place during the years 1635-1648; according to this agreement, Okhtyrka went to Russia. After this, settlers flocked here. In the early 1650s, during the reign of Alexei Fedorovich Romanov, 456 Cossack families who fled from Right Bank Ukraine came to the banks of the Vorskla in the vicinity of Mount Akhtyr, many of them presumably came from Volyn. The Russians called all Ukrainian Cossacks “Cherkasy,” apparently after the name of the city of Cherkasy, near which the main Cossack troops of Bogdan Khmelnitsky were concentrated. They fled from the oppression of the Polish gentry. As the Cossacks wrote to the Volnovsky governor: “We came last year from distant cities because of the Dnieper... from ruin, from the godless Poles and from the Tatars... and came to the Volnovsky district for urban construction.” The Russian government, to which Slobozhanshchina belonged at that time, treated the “guests” quite favorably, and why not shelter the refugees - the lands were empty anyway. In addition, a number of settlements that quickly grew on the border of Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth soon became a reliable defensive line against possible enemy invasions. The first Akhtyrsky Cossack regiment was formed in 1651-57, Ivan Gladky became the first colonel. The regiment included the Cossacks of Murafa, Bogodukhov, Kolontaev, Krasny Kut, Rublyovka, Kotelva and Kolomak. The Cossack regiment initially consisted of five to six hundred, and by the end of the 17th century there were already 9 of them.

Already in 1654, settlers built a wooden fortress.

Plan of the Akhtyrka fortress and surrounding settlement (1787)

As the Oleshnya voivode, who visited here, wrote to Moscow: “The Cherkassy people made a new Akhtyrsky fort in our reserved forest, on the Akhtyrka River... That new Akhtyrsky city and towers with all sorts of fortresses and then I ordered a hut and a necessary bell of the city, a ditch, hollows with service people and Akhtyrsky They’ve completely made Cherkassy.” In 1677, however, the wooden fortress burned to the ground, but it was quickly restored. The main stone construction in the city began only in 1787.

Since the creation of the regiment, from the second half of the 17th century, the Cossacks regularly performed military service. They took part in numerous campaigns against the Nogai and Crimean Tatars and Turks, and carried out border patrols. In 1700, the regiment, part of the troops of Field Marshal Boris Petrovich Sheremetev, took part in the campaign against the Swedes, and in 1757, during the Seven Years' War, took part in the battle of Gross-Jägersdorf against the Prussian army of Frederick II. During the Northern War in 1707, Tsar Peter the Great visited Okhtyrka.

St. Michael's Church

In peacetime, the inhabitants of Okhtyrka were engaged in hunting, fishing, distilling, brewing, beekeeping, saltpeter fishing and farming. At the beginning of the 18th century, the first tobacco factory in Russia appeared here, then several stud farms, glass and brick factories.

In addition to the Akhtyrsky regiment, four more Cossack regiments were formed in Slobozhanshchina: Kharkovsky, Sumsky, Ostrogozhsky and Izyumsky. At different times they were subordinate to various Russian departments: the Rank Order, the Ambassadorial Order, the Azov Provincial Chancellery, the Belgorod Provincial Chancellery of the Kyiv District, and the Military Collegium. In 1765, the Cossack service was liquidated, reorganizing the Kharkov Cossack regiment into the Uhlans, and the Akhtyrsky, Sumsky, Ostrogozhsky and Izyumsky into the hussars. Soon, the internal regimental self-government that had been retained for some time was also abolished.

Akhtyrsky Hussars

At that time, the Akhtyrsky regiment already numbered 13 hundred. Count Ivan Mikhailovich Podgorichani (173?-1779), a Serb by origin, was appointed the first commander of the Akhtyrsky Hussar Regiment. The Hussar Regiment continued the valiant Cossack traditions. Already in 1768, the Akhtyrsky hussars successfully fought with the Turks at Larga, Kagul and Izmail. In 1774, as part of the troops of Major General Suvorov, the Akhtyrs took part in the siege of the Turkish fortresses Shumla, Rushchuk and Ochakov. In 1794, the hussars, together with the same Suvorov, suppressed the Polish uprising of Tadeusz Kosciuszko.

The Akhtyrsky hussars covered themselves with unforgettable glory during the Patriotic War of 1812, participating in all significant battles. The name of Denis Davydov, the famous war hero, poet, brave and daring partisan, is inextricably linked with the regiment. True, in those days he was still a lieutenant colonel and commanded a battalion, and the commander of the entire regiment was Prince Illarion Vasilyevich Vasilchikov.

I.V. Vasilchikov

D.V. Davydov

Davydov replaced him in this post only in 1814, however, since 1912 the regiment bore his name. More precisely, it was called the 12th Hussar Akhtyrsky Regiment of General Denis Davydov, Her Imperial Highness Grand Duchess Olga Alexandrovna Regiment (the latter became its august patron in 1901). There is one original legend associated with Davydov’s battalion. After the capture of Paris, the troops of the victorious Russian army prepared for the solemn imperial review. Denis Davydov found the condition of his hussars’ uniforms extremely deplorable; it was necessary to somehow get out of the situation. The regiment stood not far from the convent of the Capuchin women, who wore brown robes. Brown was also the traditional color of the uniforms of the Akhtyrka hussars. By order of Davydov, all stocks of cloth were removed from the monastery warehouse, and new uniforms were sewn in the shortest possible time.

Uniform of the Akhtyrsky hussar at the end of the 19th century

At the review, the Akhtyryans looked brilliant. The Emperor, who heard this interesting story, was very pleased with the brave appearance of Davydov’s hussars and ordered them to continue to wear a brown uniform. And from then on, during a merry feast, the hussars always raised the third toast “To the French women who sewed us uniforms from their robes!” The story is not very believable, but it is cute.

Several other famous names are associated with the regiment - the philosopher Chaadaev and the author of romances Alyabyev, who served in the regiment, as well as the Decembrist Artamon Muravyov, who was its commander in 1824. Distant relatives of the poet M.Yu. Lermontov, brothers Vladimir and Alexander Lermontov, also served in the regiment.
I already mentioned the Akhtyrsky Regiment in passing when I wrote about Medzhibozh. A small town in Volyn became the regiment’s last peaceful stopover in Russia.

Volyn. Akhtyrsky hussar demonstrates the skill of a rider

The regiment was transferred here in 1898, and the headquarters and officers' meeting were located on the territory of the ancient Polish fortress. From here in 1914, at the beginning of the First World War, the hussars went to the front.
During the Civil War, many Akhtyrka hussars fought on the side of the “whites”, and after the defeat they immigrated. In a foreign land, the Akhtyr people did not lose touch with each other; they also maintained relations with Princess Olga. It was at her home in Toronto that they celebrated the regiment's 300th anniversary in 1951. In 1960, during the funeral of Grand Duchess Olga in Toronto, aged Akhtyrya hussars stood at her coffin; almost all the Akhtyrya hussars who were alive at that time took part in this sad event.

Akhtyrka is famous not only for the exploits of the valiant hussars. Almost simultaneously with the Cossacks, in 1654, 40 elders, led by abbot Father Ioaniky, came here from the devastated Lebedinsky monastery in Volyn. They founded a monastery, initially called Blagoveshchensky. At first, the monks lived in caves, and in 1671-76 the wooden Annunciation Church, a refectory and cells, also made of wood, were built. In 1720, as I already wrote, neighboring Trostyanets Peter the Great gave it to his confessor Timofey Nadarzhinsky. In 1724, the pious elder built here at his own expense a reliable stone fence of the monastery and the first stone church - the Church of the Holy Trinity. At the same time the monastery was renamed Holy Trinity. Nadarzhinsky was soon buried here. After the death of his father, his son built another church in the monastery - the Transfiguration of the Lord. In 1741, the Peter and Paul Church and new cells were built.

Akhtyrsky Holy Trinity Monastery in the image of the late 19th century

The monastery received an endless stream of pilgrims when the miraculous icon of the Mother of God was transferred here from the Akhtyrsky Intercession Cathedral. The monastery flourished. As Kharkov Archbishop Filaret Gumilevsky wrote in his book in 1852: “The Akhtyrka Trinity Monastery, after Svyatogorsk, is the first in the beauty of its location. 4 versts from Akhtyrka to the north stands a round mountain, like a tent, covered with greenery, like a century-old fresh oak. "Vorskla winds at its base and flows almost around it. On this rock a monastery, one of the oldest in Ukraine, was recently restored." The archbishop mentions the rebirth of the monastery, after its closure in 1787 by decree of Catherine the Second. Then the walls, cells and refectory were dismantled into bricks, and the cathedral was turned into an ordinary parish church for residents of the surrounding villages.

The solemn ceremony of the re-opening of the monastery in 1842 (lithograph of that time)

The monastery was closed again by the Bolsheviks in the 20s of the 20th century; most of the buildings were destroyed. Only one dilapidated bell tower has survived to this day. Quite recently, the third revival of the monastery began. New churches and cells have been built, services have resumed, but now we can only see the beautiful ancient buildings, once built with the generous donations of people who once influenced the destinies of Russia, in pictures.

Okhtyrka is also interesting for its architectural monuments. First of all, this is the beautiful Intercession Cathedral, located in the very center of the city.

Intercession Cathedral

Intercession Cathedral

Directly behind the cathedral lies... the city stadium, uglyly displaying its black lighting towers behind the graceful bell towers of the Baroque miracle. And well, nothing can spoil their beauty! The golden-domed cathedral is painted in a soft light green color and looks like a proud ship.

The history of its creation is very interesting.
Once upon a time there was a wooden Church of the Intercession not far from here. On July 15, 1739, the altar server of the church, Father Daniil (Daniil Vasilyevich Polyansky), went beyond the moat of the former fortress with a new scythe to mow the grass. Swinging his scythe a couple of times, he suddenly saw a wonderful radiance rising from the ground - it was an icon depicting the Mother of God. This is a rather rare face - the Mother of God with her head uncovered. The found icon was studied for 16 long years, and finally, by the decision of the Holy Synod and the decree of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, it was recognized as miraculous: it allegedly healed various ailments - tremors (malaria), obsession, “ache in the joints,” infertility and other unpleasant diseases . Elizabeth, who was reputed to be very devout, although not without sin, ordered the construction of the Intercession Cathedral, unusually huge for such a small village, at the site where the icon was found (80 meters from the small wooden Church of the Intercession).

Copy of the icon of Our Lady of Akhtar

The old church was sold to the congregation of the village of Dorogoshcha instead of the one that burned down. It is believed that the design of the cathedral belongs to Bartolomeo Rastrelli himself, the Empress’s favorite architect. According to other sources, the design of the cathedral belongs to Ukhtomsky. In short, it is difficult to say with certainty who exactly created the project; however, his brainchild turned out to be a success. As they say: “respect and respect for the author.” The construction of the cathedral was long and difficult, associated with many mistakes and misunderstandings. At first, the implementation of the project was entrusted to a local contractor Grigory Zaitsev, a mason originally from serfdom. The work was supposed to be supervised by the St. Petersburg architect Stepan Dudinsky, but he appeared in Akhtyrka on short visits. Construction began on April 25, 1753, on the day of the anniversary of the coronation of Elizabeth Petrovna. On this occasion, the empress's confidant Fyodor Kachenovsky arrived in Akhtyrka - it seems that the same former choirboy who received the gift of land in the Chernigov region, on which the Kachanovka estate later appeared. As you know, Elizaveta Petrovna had a weakness for male singing; Those with a pleasant voice reached unprecedented career heights with her.

The masons were hired locally, and the painters were sent from Moscow. The main building material, brick, was produced at a local factory, and sheet iron for the roof was brought from Tula. Unfortunately, the local contractor failed to complete the job. After several years of construction, it became clear that the figure of eight was not folded correctly and the building threatened to collapse at the first strong gust of wind. Dudinsky was urgently called, he gave the necessary instructions and left again; The cathedral began to be rebuilt. The alterations were again unsuccessful; a crack appeared in the vault, which was repaired with straw. Local builders were dispersed, the unlucky Zaitsev was sent to prison, 20 master masons and a new contractor were sent from Moscow, but they, too, could not cope with the work - the dome showed small cracks. Dudinsky was immediately summoned, who received strict instructions not to leave Akhtyrka until the main work was completed, and only after that the cathedral was completed. It took another 8 years, construction lasted a total of 15 years! 32,968 rubles were spent on it, which was a truly huge amount at that time. The iconostasis was carved from wood by local master Sysoy Zotovich Shalmatov; its painting was carried out by the artist Sablukov, and the engraving work was done by the Akhtyrchan resident Grigory Fedorovich Srebrenitsky; their creation has not survived to this day.
Until 1844, the cathedral housed the miraculous icon of the Akhtyrka Mother of God, then it was transferred to the Akhtyrsky Holy Trinity Monastery. In 1903, the icon was sent to St. Petersburg for restoration, but along the way it disappeared without a trace. Over the years of its presence in Akhtyrka, 20 copies were made from it, one of which is still in the cathedral. They say the original was recently discovered in Canada in a private collection.
Cathedral Square, where the Intercession Cathedral and its complex stands, is a noisy and lively place. On a fairly wide area there are several temples, which are the architectural dominant and symbol of the city. Next to the majestic cathedral rises a temple-bell tower - the Vvedenskaya Church. Its construction began in 1774, the project belongs to the Kharkov architect Pyotr Antonovich Yaroslavsky.

Vvedenskaya Church-bell tower

The bell tower also took a very long time to build – 10 years. It is a three-tier belfry, each “floor” of which is decorated with columns of a different type: 1st – Doric, 2nd – Ionic, 3rd – Corinthian. The dome is decorated with a 4-meter figure of St. Andrew the First-Called, the heavenly patron of the Akhtyrsky Regiment, made of wood covered with thin sheets of gilding. After the revolution, the sculpture was thrown to the ground, but it did not break. Believers secretly hid it, and in our time they sacredly returned it to its proper place.
Behind and to the left of the Intercession Cathedral, another church was built - the Exaltation of the Cross, or, as local residents call it from old memory, the Count Church.

Holy Cross (Count's) Church

This name is very suitable for a building in the classicist style, which exudes some kind of provincial landowner charm. Built at the expense of Countess Anna Rodionovna (Irodionovna) Chernysheva, a woman of amazing destiny, inextricably linked with Akhtyrka. She was born in the family of Major General Herodion Kontdatyevich von Wedel and Anastasia Bogdanovna Pasek, the eldest of two daughters. She lived a long life, occupied a very high position in society, was a respected maid of honor, and then a lady of state under Peter III, Catherine II, Paul I, Alexander I and Nicholas I, however, after the death of her husband, Count Zakhar Grigorievich Chernyshev, she moved away from the court and lived on her provincial estates, mainly in Chechersk. There is a legend associated with the unprecedented rise of Anna Raionovna. In 1762, her mother, Anastasia Bogdanovna, traveling with both daughters, stopped in Akhtyrka. There she was overtaken by a serious illness. Waking up early in her youth, she told her confessor that the Mother of God had appeared to her in a dream and said that the sick woman would die in five days. She asked not to worry about her daughters, promising to take care of them. The omen came true - Anna Rodionovna’s mother died five days later. The orphaned girls were presented to the court, where they were granted maid of honor codes. Both later married successfully and lived long lives.
Anna Rodionovna was distinguished by her strong physique and tough temper. Her periods of whims and tyranny were replaced by “attacks” of exceptional piety and piety. There are many legends and anecdotes about her, recorded from the words of her loved ones. So, having learned that her chambermaid wanted to marry her loved one, the countess angrily forbade this and forcibly married her to the one whom she considered necessary. Another terrible act forced the Countess herself to bitterly repent all her life - she once ordered two offending yard girls to be locked in the attic in the bitter winter frost; and the poor things froze to death. And during the invasion of Napoleon, when the countess, who was already in very old age at that time, lived on her Smolensk estate, French soldiers wanted to rob her house. A tall and majestic, formidable lady of state with a blue ribbon on her chest came out to them and gave them such a scolding, threatening to get to Napoleon himself, that the unlucky thieves retreated in fear, muttering apologies. She repeatedly hosted the emperors themselves and members of their families, anonymously engaged in charity work and donated a lot of money to monasteries and churches. (Images of the Countess and archival photos of Akhtyrka churches can be viewed here: http://community.livejournal.com/arch_heritage/5827.html). She built the Church of the Exaltation of the Cross as a family church; she wanted to have several living rooms in it, where she spent a lot of time in prayer. After the revolution, the temple had a weighing workshop, a bus station (?!), and a “lavash” bakery. The church is currently under restoration.
Across the road from the ancient churches, another beautiful temple was built - the Transfiguration Church, which is a little over 100 years old. The author of the project is Vladimir Khristianovich Nemkin, already known to us, who erected the Ascension Church in Trostyanets. The church is very beautiful, although rather shabby.

Transfiguration Church

The attractive building in the Russian-Byzantine style is now being slowly restored. In Soviet times, the church premises housed a sports school and a vocational school gym. The cathedral's bell tower, built according to Nemkin's plans, was dismantled.
On the square near our car, we had a light snack and “admired” the preserved monument to the Akhtyrka Revolutionaries. The sculptural “masterpiece” depicts two persons (apparently of opposite sexes), not distinguished by the subtlety of their features.

“I told you, bastard, have a bite!”

One of the harsh creatures, which in some respects resembles a woman, with an evil face, is carrying the second one, which looks more like a man. Looks a lot like a family of lumpen people returning from a night of drinking. Apparently, the freaks are supposed to represent a mortally wounded revolutionary fighter, tenderly supported by his girlfriend in battle.
We also drove to another church - the brick one that we saw from the road. It bears the name of Archangel Michael and was erected at the end of the 19th century. While we were wandering around with cameras, a short, elderly, fat man, who had climbed out of a Kopek car and was carrying some boxes from the trunk to a nearby store, casually watched us.

St. Michael's Church

Okhtyrka in an old photo

We visited the main attractions that are marked in the guidebook. And in Akhtyrka there is a nice old church in the cemetery and a wooden church somewhere on the outskirts (you can see it here: http://community.livejournal.com/arch_heritage/5494.html). I hope to see them someday if I ever pass through this pleasant city again. Goodbye, Akhtyrka!

Information from Wikipedia, Okhtyrka City Portal,

Heraldry

A yellow cross on a blue background, which symbolizes a crossroads and a significant number of churches, that is, a “pious city.”
Above there is a golden glow in the form of rays - God's grace over the city. A golden ear of wheat has been added to the modern coat of arms, which indicates the agrarian direction of development of the region.

Coat of arms of the city of Okhtyrka

Date of adoption: 09/21/1781. In a blue field there is a golden cross with a glow at the top, depicting the celebrity of this city due to the great number of pilgrims who come.

Flag of the city of Okhtyrka

The city flag of Okhtyrka consists of two stripes - the lower one, constituting a third of the width of the flag, is green; top, white, top left of the white stripe – coat of arms

Akhtyrka, Akhtyrsky district

The region is located in the temperate climate zone of the extreme southern part of the Sumy region. It borders with Lebedinsky, Velikopisarevsky, Trostyanetsky districts of the Sumy region, Bogodukhovsky district of the Kharkov region, Zinkovsky, Kotelevsky districts of the Poltava region

Settlements: 1 village council and 22 villages

Total area 1.3 thousand square meters. km (5.4% of the territory of the Sumy region). The population of the district is 32,300 people.

Regional center of Okhtyrka

Okhtyrka city

The city of regional subordination, the center of the district, is located at a distance of 83 km from the regional center. The population of the city of Akhtyrka with its subordinate village councils is 53,200 people.

Today Okhtyrka is known as the largest center of the oil and gas production industry in Ukraine. There are 13 industrial enterprises here: GVU "Akhtyrkanaftogaz" OJSC "Ukrnaft", OJSC "Naftoprommash", OJSC "Okhtyrsilmash", OJSC "Sewing Factory", OJSC "Bread Factory", OJSC "Food Products Plant", OJSC "Brewery Plant", Okhtyrsky branch ATSP "Pravex-brok", KP "Medical Furniture Plant", OJSC "Shoe Enterprise", SKSM "Production of Construction Materials", city printing house.

The city has 11 schools, a gymnasium, a technical school for mechanization and electrification of agriculture, a vocational school, and a branch of the Kharkov Engineering and Pedagogical Academy. There are 15 cultural institutions here: 6 club-type institutions - the district House of Culture, 2 city centers of culture and leisure, the Youth House, the Palace of Culture AT "Naftoprommash", the Palace of Culture AT named after. Petrovsky; 6 libraries; 2 schools for aesthetic education of children - music and art; local history museum.

The city has a central district hospital, which unites city hospitals and rural Fapi.

The city of Okhtyrka is a sports city. Sambo masters Yu.M. live and train here. Meerovich and O.A. Gaponova Akhtyrsky football team "Neftyanik" is the winner of the Ukrainian football championship among physical education teams.

The beautiful Akhtyrsky region has given the world many outstanding people: scientists, writers, singers, artists. This is the poet Ya.I. Shchogoliv (1823-1898), revolutionary poet P.A. Grabovsky (1864-1902), humorist Ostap Vishnya (P.G. Gubenko) (1889-1956), poet, laureate of the State Prize named after. T.G. Shevchenka P.M. Voronko (1913-1988), writer, publicist, public figure I.P. Lozovyagin (Bagryany) (1906-1963), ethnographer, local historian O.D. Tverdokhlebov (1840-1918), engraver G. Srebrenitsky (1741-1773), agronomist, professor A.G. Ternichenko (1882-1927). The first female glider pilot, K.A., was born in Okhtyrka. Grunauer, full member of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences, Honored Scientist, Professor S.G. Mirotvortsev, founder and first rector of the Perm Polytechnic Institute G.G. Deryukin, singer, People's Artist of the USSR P.S. Bilinnik, singer, Honored Artist of the RSFSR. F. Petrenko, scientist-breeder G.G. Kuchmai, an outstanding archaeologist, Doctor of Historical Sciences, head of the department of primitive archeology of the Institute of Archeology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR G.Ya. Rudinsky, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR, economist O.O. Nesterenko, Doctor of Medical Sciences B.Ya. Zadorozhny, artist I.K. Mandrika.

In 1863-1869. Ukrainian teacher and writer V.S. worked at the Akhtyrsky district school. Gnilosirov, who took part in the creation of Sunday schools. Composer A.S. was born in the city. Gussakivsky, one of the members of the “Mighty Handful”, professor of chemistry. An interesting page in the history of the city is associated with the poet and teacher, founder and head of the children's colony in the Trinity Monastery near Okhtyrka G.L. Dovgopolyuk. The writer A.P. visited Okhtyrka. Chekhov, folklorist G.F. Sumtsov, artists V.O. Serov, K.O. Trutovsky, P.O. Levchenko.

Currently, there is a primary organization of writers in the city - the Zapev association, which unites local amateur writers. Well-known members of the association in the city and beyond its borders are Alexander Galkin, Ekaterina Kvitchasta, Nikolai Gliva. Several collections were published by the local poetess, editor of the newspaper "Flag of Victory" Nina Bagata.

History of Okhtyrka

The territory of the city has been inhabited for a long time. Near Akhtyrka, a settlement of the Neolithic, Bronze Age, Early Scythian times, several Severyansky villages and settlements of the VIII-X centuries were discovered. and the times of Kievan Rus.

The history of the city originates from a guard fort, built in 1641 at the direction of the Polish government at the Akhtyrsky settlement, on the right high bank of the Vorskla River, to protect the southern borders of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth from the attacks of the Crimean Tatars. Until the end of 1645 there were 50 households here. In 1647, according to the act of demarcation of borders, Okhtyrka went to Russia.

Given the important strategic importance of Akhtyrka, the Russian government stationed a garrison here and included it in the Belgorod defense line. In 1648, the Putivl governor sent 20 servicemen here. At the end of 1653 and at the beginning of 1654, several hundred migrants from Right Bank Ukraine arrived here, who, led by Ataman Ivanov, erected a new fortification on the left southern bank of the small river Okhtyrka. In 1677 the fort was rebuilt again after a fire.

The local government body was the town hall. In 1656, the Russian government sent a governor to Akhtyrka. In 1655-1658. The Okhtyrsky Sloboda Cossack Regiment was formed, the military-administrative center of which was Okhtyrka. Administratively, the city was subordinate to the Belgorod voivode. Through the years, the residents of Akhtyrka carried the memory of the Cossack regiment, calling individual parts of the city hundreds.

The region was quickly populated. In 1692, the Akhtyrsky regiment had 12 cities and 27 villages, in 1732 - 13 cities and towns, 63 villages and settlements, 22 hamlets and settlements. The Cossacks of the regiment took part in the peasant war under the leadership of Stepan Razin (1667-1671), in the war against Turkey during Chigirin’s campaigns (1677-1678), in the Azov campaigns (1695-1696), in the Northern War ( 1700-1721), Russian-Turkish War (1735-1739), Seven Years' War (1756-1763).

In 1765, the Cossack regiment was reorganized into a hussar regiment, and the Cossacks were converted into military ordinary people. Okhtyrka became a provincial and then a regional city in the 20s of the XX century. – district and regional center.

The Akhtyrsky Hussar Regiment played an important role in the Patriotic War in 1812. It took part in the battles of Smolensk, Vyazma, Borodin, in 1813 in the blockade of Glogau, in the battle of Bautzen and on the Katzbach River. At the same time, the regiment was awarded badges on the shako with the inscription “For the distinction of August 14, 1813.” On October 5, the Akhtyr people took part in the Battle of Leipzig, and on December 20 they entered France and under the command of D.V. Davidov with battles near Brienne and Montmiral reached Paris. The third military award of the Akhtyrsky Regiment was the St. George Standards with the inscription: “In reward for the excellent courage and bravery shown in the successfully completed campaign of 1814.”

In April 1815, the Akhtyrchan residents were again destined to visit France, where they arrived as part of the army of Field Marshal G.B. Barclay de Tolly. This time they were participants in the famous review of August 29 at Vertue and opened the parade.